Methods for the Detection of Waterborne Viruses

Percival, Steven L.; Wyn-Jones, Peter

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-415846-7.00022-6

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Defective virions are unable to infect for variable reasons including genomic deletions and mutations, lacking receptor-binding ability, and disruption of particles, however, these virions can be positive in PCR-based analysis as long as they retain the target region of PCR [ 39 ]. Viruses prepared in cell culture tend to aggregate each other to form big clumps of multiple virions that seem to correspond to single plaque [ 41 ]. This reduces the apparent infectivity of the virus preparation even with the presence of extra infectious virions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quick assessment of influenza a virus infectivity with a long-range reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay

et al. 2020

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Background: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is commonly used to detect viral pathogens because of its high sensitivity and specificity. However, conventional PCR methods cannot determine virus infectivity. Virus infectivity is conventionally examined with methods such as the plaque assay, even though such assays require several days. Long-range reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) has previously been suggested for the rapid assessment of RNA virus infectivity where the loss of infectivity is attributable to genomic fragmentation. Methods: IAV was irradiated with 253.7 nm ultraviolet (UV) rays to induce genomic strand breaks that were confirmed by a full-length RT-PCR assay. The IAV was then subjected to plaque assay, conventional RT-qPCR and long-range RT-qPCR to examine the relationship between infectious titer and copy number. A simple linear regression analysis was performed to examine the correlation between the results of these assays. Results: A long-range RT-qPCR assay was developed and validated for influenza A virus (IAV). Although only a few minutes of UV irradiation was required to completely inactivate IAV, genomic RNA remained detectable by the conventional RT-qPCR and the full-length RT-PCR for NS of viral genome following inactivation. A long-range RT-qPCR assay was then designed using RT-priming at the 3′ termini of each genomic segment and subsequent qPCR of the 5′ regions. UV-mediated IAV inactivation was successfully analyzed by the long-range RT-qPCR assay especially when targeting PA of the viral genome. This was also supported by the regression analysis that the longrange RT-qPCR is highly correlated with plaque assay (Adjusted R 2 = 0.931, P = 0.000066). Conclusions: This study suggests that IAV infectivity can be predicted without the infectivity assays. The rapid detection of pathogenic IAV has, therefore, been achieved with this sensing technology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quick assessment of influenza a virus infectivity with a long-range reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay

et al. 2020

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“…Most Probable Number (MPN) adalah metode statistik yang digunakan untuk memperkirakan jumlah bakteri yang layak dalam sampel dalam pengenceran 10 kali lipat. Metode ini sering sering digunakan dalam memperkirakan sel bakteri dalam air dan makanan, khususnya bakteri coliform (Percival & Wyn-Jones, 2014). Coliform merupakan kelompok bakteri yang terdiri dari beberapa genus bakteri yang termasuk ke dalam famili Enterobacteriaceae.…”

Section: Most Probable Number (Mpn)unclassified

Metode Analisis Cemaran Mikroba pada Makanan : Review Artikel

Tama

Hasna

Hermawan

et al. 2023

JPS

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Makanan merupakan salah satu hal penting dalam keberlangsungan hidup manusia. Fungsi utama dari makanan bagi manusia ialah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gizi tubuh, dimana zat-zat gizi tersebut harus terpenuhi sesuai dengan jenis kelamin, umur, aktivitas fisik sehari-hari, dan berat tubuh. Sebagaimana fungsi utama maupun dasar dari makanan sendiri, agar menjadi sumber zat gizi dan energi yang baik tentulah makanan tersebut harus sudah dipastikan aman, bersih, tidak mengandung bahan penambah makanan yang berbahaya, dan bebas dari sumber penyakit. Sumber penyakit ini dapat timbul dari makanan yang telah terkontaminasi, salah satunya ialah makanan yang terkontaminasi cemaran mikroba. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menginformasikan analisis metode cemaran mikroba pada berbagai makanan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan review artikel ini yaitu dengan melakukan penelusuran terhadap beberapa referensi berupa jurnal ilmiah atau artikel ilmiah dari penelitian dengan kata kunci analisis cemaran mikroba.

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“…Serological tests detect only viral protein, which does not necessarily represent a health hazard. (Percival and Wyn-Jones, 2014).…”

Section: Serological Methods Rapidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many concentration and recovery procedures for pathogens also recover and concentrate other constituents and microorganisms in the water, necessitating subsequent purification procedures for the separation of the target pathogens from other materials. These recovery, enrichment and purification approaches are not covered in this review for the sake of delineation, but interested readers might see the following relevant papers: (Jülich, 1999;Wyn-Jones, 2007;Percival and Wyn-Jones, 2014;Efstratiou et al, 2017;Bofill-Mas & Rusiñol, 2020).…”

Section: Overview Of Microbial Detection and Enumeration In Environme...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optimized methods for the detection and quantification (Havelaar et al, 1993;Brussaard et al, 2000;Chapron et al, 2000;Huang et al, 2000;Lee & Kim, 2002;Lee & Jeong, 2004;Wyn-Jones, 2007;Bosch et al, 2011;Hamza et al, 2011;Wong et al, 2012;Qiu et al, 2015 ;Hematian et al, 2016;Percival & Wyn-Jones, 2014;Mackowiak et al, 2018;Gerba and Betancourt, 2019;Corpuz et al, 2020;Farkas et al, 2020), as well as determination of viral infectivity (Murphy et al, 1983;Wyn-Jones, 2007;Cantera et al, 2010;Percival & Wyn-Jones, 2014;Qiu et al, 2015) have been discussed in depth. Some benefits and limitations of commonly used approaches are shown in Table 8.…”

Section: Assessment Of Enteric Virus Contamination Of Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation into the microbial diversity and survival patterns of enteric pathogens in soil, irrigation water and vegetables in Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Oluwaseun Alegbeleye

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Doenças de origem alimentar resultantes do consumo de frutas e vegetais contaminados são muito comuns e podem ter impactos socioeconômicos potencialmente graves nas regiões afetadas. Isso exigiu pesquisas sobre as inúmeras maneiras e mecanismos pelos quais os patógenos podem obter acesso para produzir, comprometendo a segurança microbiológica.Algumas das rotas estabelecidas incluem solo contaminado, esterco, biossólidos, outros aditivos biológicos e água de irrigação. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a diversidade microbiana do solo do campo de produção e da água de irrigação utilizada em fazendas de hortaliças na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil. O estudo usou abordagens de cultura convencionais (contagem de placas e filtração por membrana) para explorar a diversidade bacteriana em amostras de água de irrigação. Ele avaliou o comportamento de sobrevivência de 14 sorotipos de Salmonella spp, cinco cepas de cada um dos diferentes sorotipos patogênicos de E. coli (um total de 15) e comparou o comportamento de 14 sorotipos de Listeria monocytogenes usando contagens convencionais em placas. Por fim, avaliou-se a qualidade microbiológica de hortaliças prontas para o consumo (RTE) na área de Barão Geraldo, em Campinas, por meio do plaqueamento convencional e sequenciamento de amplicons. Na última fase, o comportamento de sobrevivência (ecologia) de Salmonella e L. monocytogenes em diferentes tipos de vegetais RTE foi avaliado por meio de Testes de Desafio Microbiológico (MCTs) e ferramentas microbiológicas preditivas (modelos).No final do estudo, os padrões de sobrevivência do patógeno, as relações entre os parâmetros ambientais, tendências sazonais, configuração da fazenda, técnicas de tratamento de esterco, água de irrigação e diversidade microbiana do solo e, finalmente, a diversidade microbiana das plantas RTE são muito mais bem compreendidos.

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Methods for the Detection of Waterborne Viruses

Cited by 4 publications

References 87 publications

Quick assessment of influenza a virus infectivity with a long-range reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay

Quick assessment of influenza a virus infectivity with a long-range reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay

Metode Analisis Cemaran Mikroba pada Makanan : Review Artikel

Investigation into the microbial diversity and survival patterns of enteric pathogens in soil, irrigation water and vegetables in Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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