Methodology of Epidemiological Research

Zadoks, J.C.

doi:10.1146/annurev.py.10.090172.001345

Cited by 78 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Thus, the rate at which lentil rust increases under Akaki conditions may best be described by the logistic equation dx/dt = ln{ [x/(1-x)]-a}/t, where dx/dt = b or the linear regression coefficient, representing r L . In lon- gitudinal studies the importance of mid-way time (T 50 ), that is the time at which 50% of the epidemic process is completed, was emphasized by Zadoks (1972). The T 10 used in this study, however, offers an advantage because the T 50 values of some disease control treatments may fall outside the growth cycle of the host crop, as observed for treatment 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The application of curve statistics allows the comparison of disease progress curves (Zadoks, 1972;1978). According to the significance of the coefficients of determination (R 2 ), the apparent infection rate (r L ) accurately estimated the true infection tempo of lentil rust.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantifying disease-yield loss relationships requires disease assessment throughout the season as well as monitoring the growth of healthy and diseased plant populations (James, 1974). Such data can be generated through sequential analysis, a quantitative scrutiny of events by means of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies (Zadoks, 1972;1978). This approach has been effectively used in establishing relationships between disease, crop growth, yield and yield components in the bean rust pathosystem (Habtu & Zadoks, 1995;Habtu et al,1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yield loss of lentil caused byUromyces viciae-fabae

Negussie

Pretorius

2008

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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Yield loss in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) due to rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae [Pers.] J. Schröt) was determined by assessing crop and disease parameters at different growth stages and leaf canopy layers in field epidemics at Akaki, Ethiopia. The epidemics were created by inoculation of the rust-susceptible cultivar EL-142 with U. viciae-fabae and spraying plots with tebuconazole at different frequencies. The epidemics produced disease progress curves that varied significantly in the rate (r L ) of temporal progression and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). The rust epidemic, in particular between early flowering and early pod formation, had a significant influence on seed yield, pods per plant and seed mass. Mean seed yield losses up to 41.6% were recorded. The number of seeds per pod remained unaffected by the disease. The effect of rust on seed yield of lentil can be predicted with AUDPC and critical-point models using disease severity assessed on the upper canopy layer in the early flowering stage. Every 1% increase in rust severity reduced seed yield by 8.4%. Rust severity ≥ 4.7% at the critical early flowering stage significantly reduced seed yield, and hence, any measure that keeps severity below this threshold level would be advisable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yield loss of lentil caused byUromyces viciae-fabae

Negussie

Pretorius

2008

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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“…This proves again the old adage that significant scientific contributions can be made at any level of technology ; the only thing that matters for excellent science is an appropriate design and a logical mind (Zadoks, 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Hyphal growth and colony expansion

2000

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Several generations of soil microbiologists and plant pathologists have attempted to unravel the microbial composition, population dynamics and various life‐sustaining processes in the soil. However, until recently, this basic resource for plant growth and nutrient recycling has to a large extent remained a black box. Studies have been made of the behavior of individual microorganisms or their population dynamics, but the relationship between the growth of individual organisms or parts of organisms (such as fungal hyphae) and that of populations and communities has been largely unknown. In particular, the spread of fungal colonies in soil has been an enigma, but now Bailey et al. (pp. 000–000 in this issue) have clearly demonstrated that spatial behavior of Rhizoctonia colonies can switch from finite to invasive expansion dependent on the non‐linear relationship between the distance among substrate particles and the probability of colonization.

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“…The first occurrence of leaf rust was recorded in the last week of January in both 2015 and 2016. Foliar spray of fungicides was aligned with wheat growth stages and Zadok's scale, which is a scale of wheat development recognized internationally for research, advisory work and farm practice, particularly to time the application of chemicals and fertilizers [11]. Pre-rust emergence application of fungicides mostly coincided with Zadok's scale 3 (stem elongation and jointing), while the second spray was done between booting and flowering time (Zadok's scale 4.3 and 5.4).…”

Section: Wheat Varieties and Fungicides Used In The Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat Yield Response to Foliar Fungicide Application against Leaf Rust Caused by Puccinia triticina

Joshi¹,

Ullah²,

Rehman³

et al. 2017

JAST-A

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Abstract:A study was conducted on reducing the yield loss of wheat due to leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina with foliar application of fungicides during the 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 growing seasons at the Wheat Research Institute in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Three fungicides: Folicur (tebuconazole) at 300 mL/ha, Nativo (tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin) at 300 g/ha and Tilt (propiconazole) at 500 mL/ha were applied single or two times to Morocco and Sehar-06 wheat varieties used in the trial. The trial plots were first sprayed at the Zadok's scale (ZS) 3 stage and second sprayed between ZS 4.3 and 5.4 stages. The greenness of the trial crop was measured using GreenSeeker. Foliar application of fungicides significantly reduced the loss of grain yield and 1,000-grain weight (TGW) of wheat due to leaf rust in comparison to the control without fungicides application. Of the three fungicides, two times spray of Nativo reduced the grain yield loss of leaf rust susceptible mega wheat variety Sehar-06 by 45%-56% and the loss of TGW by 42%, also giving the highest marginal return in the trial. Single application of Nativo was equally effective as two times spray of Folicur in reducing the loss of wheat grain yield. Two times spray of Folicur was found to be the second choice of fungicide for reducing the yield loss of wheat. The research identified suitable fungicides for reducing the yield loss of wheat due to leaf rust and also generated important scientific knowledge required to manage a sudden outbreak of leaf rust to ensure food security.

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Methodology of Epidemiological Research

Cited by 78 publications

References 20 publications

Yield loss of lentil caused byUromyces viciae-fabae

Yield loss of lentil caused byUromyces viciae-fabae

Hyphal growth and colony expansion

Wheat Yield Response to Foliar Fungicide Application against Leaf Rust Caused by Puccinia triticina

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