Hyphal growth and colony expansion

Bruggen, A.H.C. van; Termorshuizen, Aad J.; Semenov, A. M.

doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00672.x

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…1). The average rate of hyphal elongation depends on the fungal species and environmental conditions (van Bruggen et al, 2000). Harinikumar and Bagyaraj (1995) reported the average extension rate of Glomus fasciculatum as 1.7 mm d -1 when associated with Leucaena sp., while Olsson and Wilhelmsson (2000) reported an average rate of extension of the AM mycelium in sandy soil of approximately 1.2 mm d -1 .…”

Section: Spore-germination Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technique for visual demonstration of germinating arbuscular mycorrhizal spores and their multiplication in pots

Panwar

Tarafdar

Yadav

et al. 2007

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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We describe a simple technique for the germination of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM)-fungal spores and their multiplication in pots. Glomus fasciculatum, G. mosseae, and Gigaspora margarita were used. A single wheat seedling was tied to a glass slide, previously covered with filter paper with the help of thread. One single surface-sterilized AM-fungal spore was placed on the middle portion of the root of the wheat seedling using a sterilized syringe. The slide was placed vertically in a 100 mL glass beaker filled with 25 mL of root exudates-water (1:4, v/v) solution, which was collected by growing twenty wheat seedlings in a 150 mL beaker filled with 100 mL sterilized distilled water for 7 d. The slide was observed daily using a compound microscope to follow the time course of germination. In this technique, the spore is directly in contact with the host root, and a visualization of spore germination, hyphal development, and appressorium formation is possible without disrupting fungal growth or the establishment of the symbiosis. The method allows to document the germination events and to assess hyphal-elongation rates by photograph-ing the same spore on consecutive days. The inoculated seedling was used to initiate single-spore multiplication in a sterilized (autoclave on 3 alternate days at 120°C for 120 min at 1.05 kg cm -2 pressure) potted sandy soil (150 mL volume) into which the slide with the inoculated seedling was inserted carefully through a previously made slit. The wheat seedlings in all pots (4 treatments and 15 replications) became colonized by mycorrhiza, confirming that the establishment of the AM-fungal symbiosis is highly reproducible. Our technique permits the relatively undisturbed growth of the symbiotic partners, the visualization of germinating AM-fungal spores, and their multiplication in pots. This simple and low-cost method facilitates the production of pure lines of AM fungi from single spores, allowing for the study of intraspecific variation and potentiality for cytological, biochemical, physiological, and taxonomical studies.

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Section: Spore-germination Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technique for visual demonstration of germinating arbuscular mycorrhizal spores and their multiplication in pots

Panwar

Tarafdar

Yadav

et al. 2007

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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“…Por lo tanto, estos organismos son potenciales bioindicadores que sirven para evaluar el impacto de los plaguicidas en el ambiente edáfico. Dentro de los colémbolos, Folsomia candida (Willem, 1902) (Collembola: Isotomidae) es la especie estandarizada y utilizada en los bioensayos de toxicidad debido a que se puede criar con facilidad, posee una tasa de reproducción elevada y se encuentra presente en todos los tipos de suelo (van Straalen, 1997;van Bruggen y Semenov, 2000;Fountain y Hopkin, 2005;Natal-da-Luz, Römbke y Sousa, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Incidencia de los cebos a base de metaldehído y carbaril en la supervivencia y la reproducción de Folsomia candida

Salvio¹,

Manetti²,

Clemente³

et al. 2018

AgriS

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<p>El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar los efectos letales y subletales de metaldehído y/o carbaril sobre Folsomia candida. Se realizaron tres bioensayos bajo un diseño completamente aleatorizado con cuatro repeticiones y en condiciones controladas (20 ± 2 ºC y 14L:10O). La unidad experimental fue un recipiente (9,3 cm de diámetro y 6,4 cm de altura) donde se colocaron 60 g de suelo mezclado con las dosis del cebo y 10 individuos adultos (2 a 3 mm de longitud). Los tratamientos fueron: 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 y 200 g de ingrediente activo (IA) ha-1 de metaldehído; 0, 80, 160, 240, 320 y 400 g IA ha-1 de carbaril; y 0, 40+80, 80+160, 120+240, 160+320 y 200+400 g IA ha-1 de metaldehído+carbaril. Con metaldehído tanto la proporción de individuos vivos como el número de crías no difirieron entre los tratamientos a los 7, 14, 21 y 28 días después de la aplicación (DDA) (p> 0,05). Las dosis mayores de carbaril y metaldehído+carbaril ocasionaron disminuciones en la proporción de individuos vivos y en el número de crías a los 28 DDA (p< 0,05). Los cebos que contienen carbaril causaron mortalidad y disminución en el número de crías de F. candida.</p>

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Phosphate utilization by the fungal root endophyte Piriformospora indica

et al. 2015

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Background and aim The root endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica increases plant resistance and tolerance to stress and promotes plant growth, but its ability to support plant nutrition is still controversially discussed. Irrespective of a potential nutrient transport towards the plant, the fungus might release P from sources unavailable for plant usage by transformation to available forms. Methods To test this hypothesis, sterile solid and liquid in vitro cultures of P. indica supplied with different organic and inorganic P sources were established. Cultures were investigated for growth, solubilised P, enzyme activities, RNA accumulation of the four genes encoding phosphate transporters and the two genes for acid phosphatases and phytases respectively found in P. indica genome, and for pH values in the media. Results P. indica growth was higher in the presence of inorganic P than in organic P sources. Significant amounts of P were solubilised by P. indica from Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 and rock phosphate. However, no relevant intra-or extracellular enzymatic activity was detected despite RNA accumulation of related genes. In general, the genes were all repressed by higher amounts of inorganic P and were expressed the most when the fungus received phytate. We observed a decrease in medium pH in the presence of P. indica irrespective of the P source. Conclusions P. indica is able to solubilise phosphate from inorganic, but not from organic P sources. This P solubilisation is not due to enzymatic activities but rather to the lowering of the medium pH.

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Hyphal growth and colony expansion

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Technique for visual demonstration of germinating arbuscular mycorrhizal spores and their multiplication in pots

Technique for visual demonstration of germinating arbuscular mycorrhizal spores and their multiplication in pots

Incidencia de los cebos a base de metaldehído y carbaril en la supervivencia y la reproducción de Folsomia candida

Phosphate utilization by the fungal root endophyte Piriformospora indica

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