Methodology for Groundwater Extraction in the Coastal Aquifers of Purba Midnapur District of West Bengal in India under the Constraint of Saline Water Intrusion

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to assess the field-based study on the sub-surface characteristics and groundwater quality variation in the coastal region of Purba Midnapur district, West Bengal, India. The fact that the coastal area receives inadequate surface water, the use of groundwater has become increasingly important for domestic, irrigation and industrial purposes; however threat exists associated with groundwater over-exploitation that leads to the intrusion of seawater. Hydro-geochemical site characterizations at individual locations were selected and detailed investigations were carried out on subsoil condition and groundwater quality assessment. Based on the field test results, contour lines were plotted for chloride concentration. Three dimensional views of piezometric surface of pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon depth to groundwater level and pre-monsoon piezometric surfaces contours had also been developed. This paper presents a mathematical analysis for estimating the safe yield from shallow vertical well and the qanat well structures coupled with vertical risers are presented as a viable solution to the problem of upconing below deep vertical wells. The vertical wells may not be feasible in several situations and qanat coupled with vertical risers may be successfully used in Purba Midnapur geology context.

Groundwater depletion in northern India: Impacts of the sub‐regional anthropogenic land‐use, socio‐politics and changing climate

“…To mitigate this problem, the state government has prohibited groundwater‐irrigated boro rice in some pockets, but the recent depletion and bore rice cultivation in large parts may lead to a high bio‐accumulation of arsenic. In contrast, salinity is a problem in the nearby coastal district of East Medinapur, West Bengal (Figure 7d) (Maity et al, 2017), which is likely to aggravate because of higher rates of groundwater depletion. In fact, the 2011 government policy has enabled millions of farmer the easy access to groundwater, even deemed to usher in a new green revolution (Mukherji et al, 2012).…”

Water Shortage Analysis based on Reservoir Surfaces with varying Population and Rainfall for 2011-20 at Egra in Purba Medinipur

“…A modeling framework had been established that predicted the reservoir inflow taking the future climatic scenarios. Maity et al (18) observed that due to excessive over extraction of groundwater; seawater intrusion was conducted in Purba Medinipur, India. On the experimental studies, they found high values of groundwater quality parameters at various locations of the district.…”

Status of seawater intrusion in coastal aquifer of Gujarat, India: a review

“…This study reveals that the aquifers of this region are subjected to continuous influence of seawater-groundwater mixing. According to various studies, over-exploitation and over-pumping is the primary cause of SWI in the coastal region of West Bengal and therefore various geophysical and geochemical investigations are carried out to identify the SWI [79][80][81][82]. In the coastline of Andhra Pradesh, rise in sea-level plays a significant role in enhancing the SWI with deteriorating the quality of groundwater and degrading the agricultural lands [83,84].…”