Methodological properties of six shoulder disability measures in patients with rheumatic diseases referred for shoulder surgery

A systematic review of the psychometric properties of the Constant-Murley score

“…It was scored as difficult because computation involves both a VAS and a mathematic formula. 7 Three studies addressed the time taken to complete the CMS; the first reported a mean time of 7 minutes, 2,25 the second reported 5 minutes, 37 and the third reported a time of less than 20 minutes. 7 No validated translation or cultural adaptation was found in the articles reviewed; therefore, to our knowledge, the CMS has only been validated in English.…”

“…7 Christie et al 7 reported that the strength subscale had considerable floor effect: 52% of their patients were unable to reach the measurement position or experienced pain, thus receiving 0 points. Although they did not specifically examine for floor or ceiling effects, Othman et al 32 also noted that assessment of muscle strength of patients with capsulitis was almost impossible because most could not achieve 90 of shoulder abduction.…”

Outcome measures in the management of proximal humeral fractures: a systematic review of their use and psychometric properties

“…Besides the promising outcomes for the DASH questionnaire presented in this review, these outcome measures have sound psychometric properties in various other shoulder populations. 4,5 Bot et al 4 concluded that the DASH questionnaire was the most frequently evaluated and had the best psychometric properties. Comparing the DASH questionnaire with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index showed a good correlation (r ¼ 0.72), whereas only a moderate correlation (r ¼ 0.50) was found with the Constant score in patients with rheumatic diseases.…”

“…Comparing the DASH questionnaire with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index showed a good correlation (r ¼ 0.72), whereas only a moderate correlation (r ¼ 0.50) was found with the Constant score in patients with rheumatic diseases. 5 However, it cannot be assumed that psychometric properties of an instrument are similar in other populations. Evaluation of patients with chronic shoulder conditions is different from patients with a proximal humeral fracture, who in general consider their shoulder as normal before the fracture.…”

Reliability and agreement between 2 strength devices used in the newly modified and standardized Constant score

“…17,20,21,26,28 Correspondingly, a large number of studies have examined or reviewed the psychometric properties of the CS (0-100 points) or parts of the score, for example, the shoulder strength part (0-25 points). 1,3,[6][7][8][14][15][16]19,[22][23][24][25]27,29 Various test protocols have routinely been used at different centers, probably because of authors' own interpretation of Constant's original work but also because of a lack of an internationally accepted and standardized test protocol. Constant et al 9 published a new guideline report in 2008 to solve some of the methodology problems associated with the CS, but still without including a standardized test protocol.…”