Methodical Approaches for the Estimation of Children Physical Development for Determination of Modern Secular Trend

Богомолова, Е. С.; Kiseleva, A. S.; Kovalchuk, Serhiy

doi:10.29234/2308-9113-2018-6-4-69-90

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Опубликованы также исследования, в которых описаны и противоположные тенденции, такие как замедление полового созревания и стабилизация продольного роста в отдельных регионах России [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Long-term dynamics of the physical development of children in Russia

Popov

Ушаков

Levushkin

et al. 2022

Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)

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Summary. Purpose of the study. Conducting comprehensive scientific research on monitoring the physical development of the child population of Russia since the middle of the 20th century, including the first decades of the 21st century, analysis of the data obtained. Methods. The study was carried out in 2021 using a standard anthropometric methodology as part of the all-Russian monitoring of the physical development of schoolchildren aged 1-17 years. This section of the study included the results of studying the physical development of a "sensitive" group of 15-year-old schoolchildren. The study did not endanger the participants, complied with the requirements of biomedical ethics and the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki, and was accompanied by obtaining voluntary informed consent. The statistical software package Statistica 13 PL (StatSoft, USA) was used to process the obtained data. Results. Taking into account the published data characterizing the physical development of the child population in various regions of the Russian Federation, starting from the 60s of the last century to the present, an analysis of the long-term dynamics of the physical development of the child population with different climatic, geographical and other conditions of life was carried out. In the regions, in the long-term dynamics of observation, various trends in changes in the total body sizes are observed. The study showed that the average body length and weight of 15-year-old boys were 171.880.14 cm and 60.970.17 kg, girls - 163.650.11 cm and 54.400 .14 kg respectively. The average body mass index (BMI) in boys was 20.650.05 kg/m2, in girls it was 20.240.05 kg/m2, respectively. Consideration of the body mass index of boys and girls in the regional aspect showed the presence of significant differences (p0.01) with the all-Russian data in a number of subjects of the Russian Federation. Discussion. The data obtained indicate that in the first decade of the 21st century, regional scenarios are observed in the physical development of children, possibly associated with the influence of a number of factors. Conclusions. The necessity of studying and analyzing the indicators of the physical development of children and adolescents is shown, taking into account the influencing factors in the changing socio-economic conditions of life. The period associated with self-isolation during the coronavirus pandemic requires additional monitoring of indicators of physical activity and the daily routine of students. The data obtained for the time period taken for the study revealed multidirectional trends regarding the acceleration process in different regions of Russia, which had a different rate of formation, and were not always characterized by consistency. In this regard, it is quite obvious the need to update regional standards every 10-20 years. Keywords: physical development, children and adolescents, risk factors, monitoring, lifestyle acceleration.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Long-term dynamics of the physical development of children in Russia

Popov

Ушаков

Levushkin

et al. 2022

Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)

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Analysis of factors affecting completion of growth processes in the post-puberty period

Кругликова

Chanchaeva

Айзман

2021

Sibirskij nauchnyj medicinskij zhurnal

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Post-puberty age is characterized by the formation of a definitive level of morphofunctional indicators of the body, the processes of social adaptation to a new after school stage of life and level of education. For age-related physiology, the post-puberty age is of interest in terms of the timing of completion of growth processes, as well as factors that determine these boundaries. Differences in the timing of completion of growth processes in juvenile age are due not only to a genetic factor, but also to a complex of epigenetic effects. This paper analyzes the literature data on factors that determine the timing of stabilization of growth processes in post-puberty age. The results of the analysis allow us to scientifically justify the conditions for the full implementation of the genotypic trait of long body size. Modern ideas about humoral mechanisms of growth regulation indicate the relationship between the secretion of growth factors and environmental conditions. Numerous studies prove the association of growth hormone with the stage of delta sleep and physical activity, somatomedin-C-with a protein diet. Growth hormone synergists in certain concentrations are insulin, sex and thyroid hormones, while glucocorticoids are antagonists. These factors allow us to explain the secular variability of the longitudinal body parameters of the generations in 19th-20th and 20th-21st centuries, depending on socio-economic conditions, lifestyle, puberty, and nutrition. The significance of the genetic factor is confirmed by differences in the timing of stabilization of body length between populations of different racial and ethnic backgrounds, and the sensitivity of growth processes to environmental factors is appeared between different geographical latitudes populations. Therefore, along with the genetic factor, climatic and geographical conditions, food quality, sleep and wake patterns, and lifestyle are determinants that affect the variability in the timing of growth processes completion in postpubertal age.

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Annual dynamics of parameters of physical development of boys and girls aged 18 and 19

Kruglikova

Chanchaeva

Sulimova

2022

Sibirskij nauchnyj medicinskij zhurnal

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The questions concerning the terms of juvenile age body measurement as well as body composition variability remain relevance and academic novelty. Such studies results data are essential for systematic analysis on secular trend of young generation development.Material and methods. Longitudinal study of physical development (length, body weight, muscle and fat component) of boys and girls aged 18 and 19, studying at 1–2 courses of university and living in a dormitory has been applied.Results and discussion. In boys and girls aged 18–19, body length and body weight have increased for 1 year on average by 1.5 and 0.9 cm and by 1.3 and 1.2 kg, respectively. In 22.6 % of boys and 54.8 % of girls body length does not change. The annual changes in the fat component are not reliable, whereas the muscle component increases significantly by 3 % in boys and by 0.8 % in girls. Students living in a dormitory often experience a lack of night sleep, they do not have enough physical activity, consume not enough calories, valuable proteins and fats. Because of this, physical development may deteriorate.Conclusions. The annual variability of the indicators of physical development of students aged 18–19 years indicates the ongoing processes of growth and development, which are more pronounced in boys, in girls there is a tendency to stabilize the length of the body. Knowledge about the sensitivity of the body of first-year students mastering the requirements for studying at a university and independent living in a dormitory is necessary for the organization of work on pedagogical support during the adaptation of first-year students.

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Methodical Approaches for the Estimation of Children Physical Development for Determination of Modern Secular Trend

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Long-term dynamics of the physical development of children in Russia

Long-term dynamics of the physical development of children in Russia

Analysis of factors affecting completion of growth processes in the post-puberty period

Annual dynamics of parameters of physical development of boys and girls aged 18 and 19

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