Method Improvement for Analysis of Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin in Chicken Meat: Application of In-Sample Addition of Trace Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid to Isotope Dilution Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

Experimental Design Assisted HPLC/UV and LC-MS/MS for Simultaneous Determination of Selected Veterinary Antibiotics in Broiler Chicken

“…The reported LC/MS/MS did not determine the selected drugs simultaneously. TYL was determined [27,28,36] but with a difficult extraction procedure and low sensitivity.…”

“…Separations 2022, 9, 427 11 of 14 Some antibiotics were detected in the liver chicken matrix only with poor % recovery and less sensitive LOD and LOQ [23]. CIP also was determined in chicken meat using very long extraction procedures and large organic solvent consumption [27].…”

“…The reported techniques include HPLC using different detection techniques [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], LC/MS/MS [4,14,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], TLC [14,17,29], enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [17,30], microbiological methods [31][32][33][34] and spectrophotometry [34,35]. By reviewing the literature regarding the separation of the most used antibiotics in Ismailia, Egypt poultry farms, it was found that there is no method for the simultaneous estimation of TMP, CIP, CTX, DOX, TYL, SMZ, FLU, and CST in broiler chicken samples.…”

“…By reviewing the literature regarding the separation of the most used antibiotics in Ismailia, Egypt poultry farms, it was found that there is no method for the simultaneous estimation of TMP, CIP, CTX, DOX, TYL, SMZ, FLU, and CST in broiler chicken samples. Moreover, the previous methods suffer from some drawbacks, such as using sophisticated and long extraction procedures with using large volumes of organic solvents [11,12,14,17,20,21,24,27], poor percentage of recovery [17,23,29], very long separation time, which increased over 32 min [16], lower sensitivity and accuracy with regard to LOD and LOQ [12,13,19,20,22,[24][25][26]28]. Furthermore, the validation merits were not studied [15][16][17]29].…”

Degradation of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solution using ozone microbubbles: spectroscopic, kinetics, and antibacterial analysis

“…CIP tends to accumulate in aquatic environments, due to its low biodegradability, eventually leading to high concentrations [ 11 , 12 ]. CIP can also disperse into the foodchain via trophic transfer [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. In addition, a sub-inhibitory dose of CIP may lead to the development of resistance to antimicrobial drugs, therefore it poses threats to both environmental and human health [ 18 ].…”