Method for the simultaneous determination of monoaromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in industrial effluents using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Bubble‐bursting flow microextraction combined with gas chromatography as a green and sustainable microextraction method is used to determine some organophosphorus pesticide residues in water samples. The extraction process occurs at the surface of liquid–gas contact, where the analytes interact with the gas molecules in the bubble. The analytes are transferred to the surface of the sample solution by moving the gas bubbles upwards. The bursting of gas bubbles causes the analytes to disperse in the headspace. Eventually, they are collected for injection into the chromatography system. A one‐factor‐at‐one‐time approach was applied to optimize the independent variables in the proposed method. Validation studies were performed according to reliable guidelines. Under optimal conditions, the method indicated a dynamic linear range from 1.0 to 100.0 μg/L. The limit of detection and quantification of the method was 0.29–0.38 and 1.21–1.70 μg/L, respectively. The proposed method was successfully utilized to determine malathion, diazinon, profenofos, and ethion as the target analytes in various water samples with satisfactory relative recoveries ranged from 90.1 to 102.2%.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bursting‐bubble flow microextraction combined with gas chromatography to analyze organophosphorus pesticides in aqueous samples

Tazarv

Faraji

Moghimi

et al. 2021

“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous organic pollutants of the environment containing two or more fused aromatic rings. Among these, 16 compounds are considered to be of primary concern to the US Environmental Protection Agency because they are the most harmful . PAHs are absorbed by the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and the skin because they are highly lipid soluble.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical fluid extraction followed by supramolecular solvent microextraction as a fast and efficient preconcentration method for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in apple peels

Falsafi

Raofie

Ariya

2020

In this work, reverse micelle‐based supramolecular solvent microextraction method coupled with supercritical fluid extraction and used for determining trace amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in apple peels. The extract was analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography equipped with a fluorescence detector. Coupling supramolecular solvent microextraction with supercritical fluid extraction method, resolve low preconcentration factor of supercritical fluid extraction method, improved limit of detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and allow the use of supramolecular solvent microextraction in solid matrices. The effective parameters on the supramolecular solvent microextraction and supercritical fluid extraction efficiency were optimized using one variable at a time and face centered design methods, respectively. Under the optimum condition, the limits of detection and limits of quantifications were in the range of 0.34–1.27 and 1.03–3.82 µg/kg, respectively. Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in apple peels showed that the supercritical fluid extraction/ supramolecular solvent microextraction method provide great potential for trace analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fruit samples (RSDs < 7.7%).

“…Thus, DLLME offers the advantages of rapidity, ease of operation, low cost, high recovery, high pre‐concentration factor, and short extraction time. As this technique has been successfully used in the analysis of pesticides , chlorophenols , aromatic hydrocarbons , mycotoxin , and volatile bioactive compounds , its applications should be expanded to other analytes and more complex matrices. The application of DLLME for the determination of GO and MGO has been recently reported from urine and alcoholic beverages .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and diacetyl in red ginseng products using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with GC–MS

Lee

Shibamoto

et al. 2019

A simple and rapid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry was applied for the determination of glyoxal as quinoxaline, methylglyoxal as 2‐methylquinoxaline, and diacetyl as 2,3‐dimethylquinoxaline in red ginseng products. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated under optimum extraction conditions (extraction solvent: chloroform 100 μL, disperser solvent: methanol 200 μL, derivatizing agent concentration: 5 g/L, reaction time: 1 h, and no addition of salt). The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 1.30 and 4.33 μg/L for glyoxal, 1.86 and 6.20 μg/L for methylglyoxal, and 1.45 and 4.82 μg/L for diacetyl. The intra‐ and interday relative standard deviations were <4.95 and 5.80%, respectively. The relative recoveries were 92.4–103.9% in red ginseng concentrate and 99.4–110.7% in juice samples. Red ginseng concentrates were found to contain 191–4274 μg/kg of glyoxal, 1336–4798 μg/kg of methylglyoxal, and 0–830 μg/kg of diacetyl, whereas for red ginseng juices, the respective concentrations were 72–865, 69–3613, and 6–344 μg/L.