Method for spectral phase retrieval of single attosecond pulses utilizing the autocorrelation of photoelectron streaking spectra

Yu, Wei; Xi-nan, Zhao; Wei, Hui; Wang, Su-Ju; Lin, C. D.

doi:10.1103/physreva.99.033403

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…(6). For narrower bandwidth pulses, previous studies [27] show that the PROBP-AC method converges much faster and more accurately. For the broadband pulses discussed here, we use the PROBP-AC method only since the PROBP method does not converge or take a long time to reach convergence.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The convergence becomes much slower for pulses with larger chirps or broader bandwidths. Since the AC appears to be a more sensitive marker of the spectral phase than the spectrogram, in the PROBP-AC method [27], we retrieve the phase directly from the experimental AC patterns.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method we used to retrieve the spectral phase of the SXR pulse is called PROBP-AC [27]. It is a revision from the earlier proposed PROBP method [26].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metrology of Time-Domain Soft X-Ray Attosecond Pulses and Reevaluation of Pulse Durations of Three Recent Experiments

Xi-nan¹,

Wang²,

Yu³

et al. 2020

Phys. Rev. Applied

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Attosecond pulses in the soft-X-ray (SXR) to water-window energy region offer the tools for creating and studying target specific localized inner-shell electrons or holes in materials, enable monitoring or controlling charge and energy flows in a dynamic system on attosecond timescales. Recently, a number of laboratories have reported generation of continuum harmonics in the hundredelectron-volt to kilovolt region with few-cycle long-wavelength mid-infrared lasers. These harmonics have the bandwidth to support pulses with duration of few-to few-ten attoseconds. But harmonics generated in a gas medium have attochirps that cannot be fully compensated by materials over a broad spectral range; thus, realistically what are the typical shortest attosecond pulses that one can generate? To answer this question, it is essential that the temporal attosecond pulses be accurately characterized. By re-analyzing the soft X-ray harmonics reported in three recent experiments [1-3] using a newly developed broadband phase retrieval algorithm, we show that their generated attosecond pulses are all longer than about 60 as. Since broadband pulses tend to have high-order chirps away from the spectral center of the pulse, the algorithm has to be able to retrieve accurately the phase over the whole bandwidth. Our re-evaluated pulse durations are found to be longer than those previously reported. We also introduce the autocorrelation (AC) of the streaking spectrogram. By comparing the ACs from the experiments and from the retrieved SXR pulses, the accuracy of the retrieved results can be directly visualized to ensure that correct phases have been obtained. Our retrieval method is fast and accurate, and it shall provide a powerful tool for the metrology of few-ten-attosecond pulses in the future.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metrology of Time-Domain Soft X-Ray Attosecond Pulses and Reevaluation of Pulse Durations of Three Recent Experiments

Xi-nan¹,

Wang²,

Yu³

et al. 2020

Phys. Rev. Applied

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“…(3) 用最小二乘法获取阿秒脉冲的强度和相位信息, 用Brent方法 PROBP-AC(phase retrieval of broadband pulses with autocorrelation) [48,49] 是一种使用遗传算法检索XUV相位的方法, 它不像以前的相位检索算法那样使用整套…”

Section: 计算方法与式(2)相同其中 P a T D( + ( + ))通过从Hfsunclassified

Principle and technology of attosecond pulse characterization

et al. 2020

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“…It goes beyond the single-electron-approximation (SEA) approach and includes the response to the field of all two electrons. To build Helium wavefunction, B-Spline basis sets, which were widely used in computational atomic and molecular physics [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47], are used to construct the radial part of the wavefunction, while the spherical harmonic functions is used to express for the angular part. The reason we use B-Spline basis sets to expand Helium radial wavefunction is that, B-Spline function has great advantages of describing both bound and continue states with small number basis sets [36,37,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HeTDSE: A GPU based program to solve the full-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation for two-electron helium subjected to strong laser fields*

Xi-nan¹,

Zhang²,

Bai³

et al. 2021

Chinese Phys. B

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Electron–electron correlation plays an important role in the underlying dynamics in physics and chemistry. Helium is the simplest and most fundamental two-electron system. The dynamic process of helium in a strong laser field is still a challenging issue because of the large calculation cost. In this study, a graphic processing unit (GPU) openACC based ab initio numerical simulations package HeTDSE is developed to solve the full-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation of helium subjected to a strong laser pulse. HeTDSE uses B-spline basis sets expansion method to construct the radial part of the wavefunction, and the spherical harmonic functions is used to express for the angular part. Adams algorithm is employed for the time propagation. Our example shows that HeTDSE running on an NVIDIA Kepler K20 GPU can outperform the one on an Intel E5-2640 single CPU core by a factor of 147. HeTDSE code package can be obtained from the author or from the author’s personal website (doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.15334.45128) directly under the GPL license, so HeTDSE can be downloaded, used and modified freely.

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Method for spectral phase retrieval of single attosecond pulses utilizing the autocorrelation of photoelectron streaking spectra

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Metrology of Time-Domain Soft X-Ray Attosecond Pulses and Reevaluation of Pulse Durations of Three Recent Experiments

Metrology of Time-Domain Soft X-Ray Attosecond Pulses and Reevaluation of Pulse Durations of Three Recent Experiments

Principle and technology of attosecond pulse characterization

HeTDSE: A GPU based program to solve the full-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation for two-electron helium subjected to strong laser fields*

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