Method for Forming Pulp Fibre Yarns Developed by a Design-driven Process

Abstract

A simple and inexpensive method for producing water-stable pulp fibre yarns using a deep eutectic mixture composed of choline chloride and urea (ChCl/urea) was developed in this work. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are eutectic mixtures consisting of two or more components that together have a lower melting point than the individual components. DESs have been previously studied with respect to cellulose dissolution, functionalisation, and pre-treatment. This new method uses a mixture of choline chloride and urea, which is used as a swelling and dispersing agent for the pulp fibres in the yarn-forming process. Although the pulp seemed to form a gel when dispersed in ChCl/urea, the ultrastructure of the pulp was not affected. To enable water stability, pulp fibres were crosslinked by esterification using polyacrylic acid. ChCl/urea could be easily recycled and reused by distillation. The novel process described in this study enables utilisation of pulp fibres in textile production without modification or dissolution and shortening of the textile value chain. An interdisciplinary approach was used, where potential applications were explored simultaneously with material development from process development to the early phase prototyping.

Cyclodextrin-Functionalized Fiber Yarns Spun from Deep Eutectic Cellulose Solutions for Nonspecific Hormone Capture in Aqueous Matrices

“…The cellulose fiber yarn used in this study was prepared by using a deep eutectic solvent (DES) as a spinning medium, as described elsewhere. 9 Briefly, never dried cellulose fibers were first washed to sodium form by lowering the pH of the suspension (to pH 2 with hydrochloric acid). After one-hour acid treatment, the fibers were washed several times with deionized water followed by titration into the sodium form by addition of NaHCO 3 .…”

“…The fiber yarn, carrying 10% PAA, was cross-linked by using a laboratory oven (140 °C for 30 min) following the procedure presented earlier by us. 33 The detailed procedure and analyses of the fiber yarn properties can be found in Tenhunen et al 9 …”

“… 6 Recently, we reported a method to produce yarns by spinning native cellulose fibers dispersed in a deep eutectic solvent (DES). 9 This method combined the water absorbing character of wood fibers with the characteristic one-dimensional structures in regenerated cellulose filaments.…”

A fast method to prepare mechanically strong and water resistant lignocellulosic nanopapers

“…The reason behind this is the lack of cohesion due to the deterioration of hydrogen bonding among the wet WNFs. It has been reported that, when wet, hydrogen bonding plays a role in strength (Tenhunen et al, 2016). WNFs are covered by lignin, which can form hydrogen bonds (Kubo & Kadla, 2005), but not as extensively as CNFs which have a large number of hydroxyl groups.…”

Use of mechanically ground lignocellulosic native fines (LF) in the all-cellulosic composite filaments: fines properties and plasticizers

“…The strength of the LF-CMC composite filaments achieves the levels required in many filament applications. As an example, cotton filament and pulpbased fibre filament crosslinked with polyacrylic acid (PAA) have been reported to reach a tenacity level of 15 and 5 cN/tex, respectively (Tenhunen et al 2016). However, the prepared filaments did not achieve the strength level of regenerated cellulose filaments made by NaOH/urea carbamate or by novel ionic liquid processes (tenacities up to 37 cN/tex) (Qi et al 2008;Hauru et al 2014).…”