Method effects due to social desirability as a parsimonious explanation of the deviation from unidimensionality in LOT-R scores

Rauch, W.; Schweizer, Karl; Moosbrugger, Helfried

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.10.035

Cited by 104 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Estos resultados concuerdan con trabajos precedentes en donde se sostiene la unidimensionalidad del constructo (Bandeira, Bekou, Silva Lott, Teixeira y Silva Rocha, 2002;Laranjeira, 2008), frente a otros trabajos que abogan por su bidimensionalidad, tanto en población general (Rauch et al, 2007;Segerstrom et al, 2011) como juvenil (Nakano, 2004;Sulkers et al, 2013). Cabe destacar cómo todos estos trabajos en que se defiende la estructura bidimensional del optimismo disposicional, han empleado el LOT como instrumento de evaluación.…”

Section: Discusión Y Conclusionesunclassified

“…El estilo explicativo implica una atribución causal, interna o externa, de los diferentes eventos negativos sufridos por la personas de manera cotidiana (Peterson y Seligman, 1984). Por su parte, el optimismo disposicional se define como una tendencia personal a evaluar de forma positiva la ocurrencia de eventos futuros (posibles o no), siendo una característica estable temporal y situacionalmente, lo que genera una tendencia a persistir en la tarea cuando ésta se dirige hacia una meta (Carver, Scheier y Segerstrom, 2010;Rauch, Schweizer y Moosbrugger, 2007;Scheier y Carver, 1985). Teniendo en cuenta estas tres perspectivas, se considera la disposicional como la más adecuada para definir y evaluar este constructo.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Además de la reducida fiabilidad mostrada por el instrumento, hay que añadir la recurrente inconsistencia en cuanto a su estructura factorial, siendo posible encontrar trabajos que abogan tanto por su unidimensionalidad como por la bidimensionalidad originalmente planteada por sus autores OptimismO en jóvenes españOles (Monzani et al, 2014;Rauch et al, 2007;Segerstrom, Evans y Eisenlohr-Moul, 2011;Zenger et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Cuestionario para la evaluación del optimismo: Fiabilidad y evidencias de validez

et al. 2015

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ResumenEl optimismo ha mostrado numerosos beneficios físicos y emocionales en diversas poblaciones y contextos profesionales. Sin embargo, los instrumentos para evaluarlo son escasos y presentan importantes limitaciones, especialmente en población joven. En el presente trabajo se presenta un cuestionario que, mediante 9 ítems, evalúa el optimismo disposicional y se analiza su relación con la personalidad e inteligencia emocional. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 2.693 jóvenes españoles (M=16.52, DT=1.38), de los cuales el 51.10% fueron hombres. La inteligencia emocional se evaluó con el cuestionario Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24, mientras que los cinco grandes rasgos de personalidad se midieron mediante la escala Overall Personality Assessment Scale. El cuestionario de optimismo muestra una fiabilidad elevada (α=.84), siendo preciso para un amplio rango de habilidad (θ entre -3 y +2), así como un ajuste aceptable a una estructura unidimensional. Se confirma la elevada relación entre el optimismo y los rasgos de personalidad e inteligencia emocional. Palabras clave: evaluación, optimismo, personalidad, inteligencia emocional. AbstractOptimism has been shown to have numerous physical and emotional benefits in a range of populations and professional contexts. Nonetheless, there are few instruments for its evaluation and they have significant limitations, especially in young people. This work presents a questionnaire which, through 9 items, evaluates dispositional optimism and analyses its relationship to personality and emotional intelligence. The sample was made up of 2,963 Spanish adolescents of whom 51.10% were male. Emotional intelligence was measured using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24, while the big-five personality traits were measured using the Overall Personality Assessment Scale. The optimism questionnaire demonstrated high reliability (α=.84), it was accurate over a wide ability range (θ from -3 to +2) and gave an acceptable fit to a unidimensional structure. The clear relationship between optimism, personality traits and emotional intelligence was confirmed.

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Section: Discusión Y Conclusionesunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Cuestionario para la evaluación del optimismo: Fiabilidad y evidencias de validez

et al. 2015

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“…As with previous researchers (Alessandri et al, 2010), we are still uncertain why item keying response styles are influenced primarily by heredity rather than shared environment (DiStefano & Motl, 2006;Quilty et al, 2006;Rauch et al, 2007). In contrast, past research on social and cultural psychology may already provide answers to the non-heritability of acquiescence bias.…”

Section: Twin Research and Human Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Heritability of Acquiescence Bias and Item Keying Response Style Associated With the HEXACO Personality Scale

Kam¹,

Schermer

Harris

et al. 2013

Twin Res Hum Genet

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The current research investigates the heritability of two of the most common response styles: acquiescence bias (tendency to agree or disagree with survey items regardless of the items' actual content) and item keying (differential responding related to the use of regular-and reverse-keyed items). We estimated response styles from a common personality measure (HEXACO) and examined the heritability of each with univariate genetics analyses. The results show item keying effect was heritable but acquiescence bias was not. Neither response style was strongly influenced by the shared environment of the twins. Unique environmental effects were found to be substantial for response styles. The current findings have important implications for future research of response behaviors that are often overlooked by behavioral geneticists.

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“…To generate the response format needed for our theory, i.e., the relative importance of internal versus external and social versus chance, we make use of the fact that every item in Levenson's subscales has a counterpart in the other subscales, e.g., "I can pretty much determine what will happen in 5 Other researchers find a two-dimensional structure of the life-orientation test. However, these can be artificial factors (Spector et al, 1997) or based on measurement errors affecting positively and negatively worded items differently (Rauch et al, 2007 (2)) and powerful others versus chance control (OCC; see Equation (2) , et al, 1998). Except for the normalization, which ensures that the sum is 1, IEC is calculated equivalently.…”

Section: Independent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimistic, But Not in Control: Life-Orientation and the Theory of Mixed Control

Urbig,

Monsen

2009

SSRN Journal

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in OPTIMISTIC, BUT NOT IN CONTROL: LIFE-ORIENTATION AND THE THEORY OF MIXED CONTROL January 2009 Diemo Urbig Max Planck Institute of Economics Erik Monsen Max Planck Institute of Economics AbstractWhy are some people more optimistic about their life than others? Literature on locus of control suggests that optimism is associated with the belief that one's life outcomes are controlled by internal factors, such as ability, instead of external factors, such as powerful others or chance. Furthermore, some authors suggest that internal control beliefs interact with self-efficacy beliefs regarding their effects on outcome expectancies and thus optimism. We argue that it is not only selfefficacy that interacts, but efficacy beliefs about external factors, too. We further hypothesize that the effect of perceiving internal rather than external control on dispositional optimism depends on the difference between efficacy beliefs regarding internal and external factors. Since people can influence other people to be helpful, i.e., take proxy control, but are unlikely to influence chance, we extend this internal-versus-external view and suggest that the difference between perceived control by others and perceived control by chance affect dispositional optimism. In fact, we hypothesize that the effect of perceiving that it is other people who are in control, rather than chance, depends on the difference between efficacy beliefs regarding others and chance. A first empirical survey-based test produces substantial support for our theory. This is the first time control-efficacy interaction effects are shown for dispositional variables and for the threedimensional construct of locus of control. We replicate a gender effect on correlations of dispositional optimism with self-reported risk taking and observe a gender effect for one of our new hypotheses. JEL-classification: D8, D83, D84

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Method effects due to social desirability as a parsimonious explanation of the deviation from unidimensionality in LOT-R scores

Cited by 104 publications

References 28 publications

Cuestionario para la evaluación del optimismo: Fiabilidad y evidencias de validez

Cuestionario para la evaluación del optimismo: Fiabilidad y evidencias de validez

Heritability of Acquiescence Bias and Item Keying Response Style Associated With the HEXACO Personality Scale

Optimistic, But Not in Control: Life-Orientation and the Theory of Mixed Control

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