Method Development of Ellagic Acid as Marker Compound for Standardization of Gochang Bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miquel) as Functional Ingredient

et al. 2016

Biomol Ther (Seoul)

Hyperlipidemia, which is closely associated with a fatty diet and aging, is commonly observed in the western and aged society. Therefore, a novel therapeutic approach for this disease is critical, and an immunological view has been suggested as a novel strategy, because hyperlipidemia is closely associated with inflammation and immune dysfunction. In this study, the effects of an aqueous extract of Rubus occidentalis (RO) in obese mice were investigated using immunological indexes. The mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce hyperlipidemia, which was confirmed by biochemical analysis and examination of the mouse physiology. Two different doses of RO and rosuvastatin, a cholesterol synthesis inhibitor used as a control, were orally administered. Disturbances in immune cellularity as well as lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production were significantly normalized by oral administration of RO, which also decreased the elevated serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α level and total cholesterol. The specific immune-related actions of RO comprised considerable improvement in cytotoxic T cell killing functions and regulation of antibody production to within the normal range. The immunological evidence confirms the significant cholesterol-lowering effect of RO, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia and associated immune decline.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration of Declined Immune Responses and Hyperlipidemia by Rubus occidenalis in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Lee

et al. 2016

Biomol Ther (Seoul)

Food Sci. Technol (Campinas)

“…Therefore, there is a growing need for standardized manufacturing methods and quality specifications for various natural medicines and healthy foods to ensure quality control (KFDA, 2007). In particular, standardization and specification of raw materials are important in the development and production of healthy foods using medicinal herbs, and quality control methods using indicator components' content to scientifically prove the functionality and safety of raw materials (Kim et al, 2012). Such quality control methods are the most common way to minimize differences in indicator components present in raw materials to reach in final products, thus maintaining the desired components during the manufacturing process (Jeon et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of simultaneous analysis validation for Perilla frutescens var. acuta extract

JEON,

CHOI,

Yim

2023

In this study, the UV spectra maximum absorption wavelengths and molecular weights of major compounds 1–3 were identified in Perilla frutescens var. acuta extract using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-DAD and HPLC-MS/MS. Luteolin-7-O-diglucuronide (1), scutellarin (2), and rosmarinic acid (3) were identified, and simultaneous analysis validation was performed for quantification using HPLC-DAD. All linearities showed R2 values of 0.9993 or higher, and the limits of detection and quantification were measured in the ranges of 4.4802–5.4133 and 13.5764–16.4038 µg/mL, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values for accuracy ranged from 0.09 to 0.89%, and the recovery rates were in the range of 99.36–101.96%. The precision RSD values within the laboratory were in the range of 0.05–1.04%, and the RSD values for repeatability evaluation were below the guideline criteria of 2%. The content change of the three marker compounds within 24 h was 0.36–0.69%, confirming the chemical stability of the extract within 24 h, which was below the guideline criteria of 2.0% established by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety guidelines. The content analysis of the extract according to ethanol concentration showed that luteolin-7-O-diglucuronide had the highest content of 302.22 µg/mL in the 0% ethanol extract, while scutellarin and rosmarinic acid showed the highest contents of 103.61 and 118.77 µg/mL, respectively, in the 60% ethanol extract.

“…Ellagic acid (Figure 1b), as a dimer of the simplest polyphenolic acid, gallic acid, is known to possess several physiological activities in humans, including antioxidant properties [19,20], anti-inflammatory properties [20,21], liver protection [22], and immunity enhancement [23]. Kim et al [24] and Lee et al [25], in analytical studies, determined the ellagic acid contents of natural substances-Rubus coreanus Miquel and Nymphaea tetragona, respectively-in Korea. To apply and utilize a natural substance as a health functional ingredient, towards standardizing a natural substance, it is necessary to establish one or more indicator compounds, develop an analytical method, and validate the developed method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of a Method for Determining the Quercetin-3-O-glucuronide and Ellagic Acid Content of Common Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis) by HPLC-UVD

Park²,

et al. 2021

Molecules

Toward the standardization of common evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) sprout extract (OBS-E), we aimed to obtain indicator compounds and use a validated method. HPLC-UVD allowed simultaneous quantification of the indicator compounds quercetin-3-O-glucuronide and ellagic acid. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and limit of detection/limit of quantification (LOD/LOQ). High specificity and linearity was demonstrated, with correlation coefficients of 1.0000 for quercetin-3-O-glucuronide and 0.9998 for ellagic acid. The LOD/LOQ values were 0.486/1.472 μg/mL for quercetin-3-O-glucuronide and 1.003/3.039 μg/mL for ellagic acid. Intra-day and inter-day variability tests produced relative standard deviation for each compound of <2%, a generally accepted precision criterion. High recovery rate were also obtained, indicating accuracy validation. The OBS-E prepared using various concentrations of ethanol were then analyzed. The 50% ethanol extract had highest content of quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, whereas the 70% ethanol extract possessed the lowest. However, the ellagic acid content was highest in the 70% ethanol extract and lowest in the 90% ethanol extract. Thus, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide and ellagic acid can be used industrially as indicator compounds for O. biennis sprout products, and our validated method can be used to establish indicator compounds for other natural products.