Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among companion and food-chain animals: impact of human contacts

Abstract

Clin Microbiol Infect 2012; 18: 626–634 Abstract Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), one of the major pathogens in humans, is a cause of infection and colonization among animals. The increasing number of companion animals and antibiotic use have made this population a reservoir of MRSA. In parallel, the evolution of new MRSA clones and mec homologues among animals of the food chain has emphasized the need for infection control practices in animals and humans in close contact. On the basis of a review of the literature, epidemiological and evolutionary data for MRSA infections and carriage, risk factors and control strategies are presented.

Isolation and Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci in Healthy Broilers in Nsukka Southeast, Nigeria

“…It is also possible that the handlers of the birds transferred the organisms to the birds. Reports have shown that MRS can be transferred from humans, especially animal handlers, to animals on direct and/or indirect contact (Petinaki and Spiliopoulous, 2012). However, colonization of the cloacae of the birds may have resulted following ingestion of the MRS from contaminated litter.…”

“…Recently, there is an increasing numbers of reports on the isolation of LA-MRS from humans, farm and slaughterhouse environments and animals (Mulders et al, 2010;Petinaki and Spiliopoulous, 2012). This necessitated surveillance studies to assess food-producing animals as potential reservoirs of MRS in different parts of the world such as America (Smith et al, 2008;Waters et al, 2011), Europe (Armand-Lefevre et al, 2005Friese et al, 2012;Huijsdens et al, 2006;Meemken et al, 2008;Pomba et al, 2009;Voss et al, 2005;), Asia (Lee, 2003;Moon et al, 2007) and South Africa (Ateba et al, 2010).…”

Staphylococcus aureusepidemiology and screening: best practice

“…In the 1970s, MRSA were isolated from the milk of dairy cows with mastitis in Belgium [12]. Reports of MRSA in livestock and humans in close contact provided evidence of LA-MRSA spread throughout Europe, Canada, the USA, China, Malaysia and Korea [12].…”

“…Reports of MRSA in livestock and humans in close contact provided evidence of LA-MRSA spread throughout Europe, Canada, the USA, China, Malaysia and Korea [12]. LA-MRSA have specific genotypic and phenotypic characteristics: namely nontypeability by PFGE of SmaI DNA digests, the majority belong to CC398 recovered from pigs, they carry different SCCmec elements, they often exhibit resistance to many nonb-lactam antimicrobials (used in animal production) and they lack toxins gene carriage.…”

Complete Genome of Staphylococcus aureus Phage SA11

“…But in the beginning of 2000, community-acquired MRSA also started to be reported (2). MRSA-related osteomyelitis (1), nasopharyngeal colonization (3), skin infections (4), food-chain animal infections (7), and infections in immunocompromised patients (8), among others, were reported. Resistance mechanisms were reviewed previously (5,9,10).…”