Methanol poisoning

Becker, Charles E.

doi:10.1016/0736-4679(83)90009-4

Cited by 62 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Formate is metabolized twice as fast in the rat as in monkeys (McMartin and Makar, 1977) resulting in the accumulation of formate in monkeys and humans; however, such accumulation does not seem to occur in rats, which could help explain the apparent subnormal toxicity of methanol in rats compared to humans, and also as to why only few studies have previously been undertaken in this model. Methanol is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with peak absorption occurring in 30-60 min depending on the presence or absence of food in the stomach (Becker, 1983). In order to avoid fluctuation due to oral ingestion, intraperitoneal route was selected in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of methanol intoxication on spcific immune functions of albino rats

et al. 2006

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Our previous studies revealed that methanol intoxication significantly altered the non-specific immune functions in albino rats. The present investigation focuses on the effect of methanol on certain specific immune functions of cell mediated immunity such as footpad thickness, leukocyte migration inhibition test (LMI) and antibody levels. In addition, serum interleukins (IL-2, IL-4, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma), and splenic lymphocyte subsets were measured after an immune challenge. The specific immune function tests were carried out in three different groups of albino rats, which include control, 15 and 30 days methanol intoxication. Our study reports that animal body weight, organ weight ratio, lymphoid cell counts, footpad thickness, antibody titer, IL-2, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, Pan T cell, CD4, macrophages, MHC class II molecule expression, and B cell counts were significantly decreased compared to control animals nevertheless, LMI, IL-4, and DNA single strand breakage were increased significantly. Plasma corticosterone level was significantly increased in the 15 days group whereas the 30 days methanol intoxication group showed considerable decrease in corticosterone level compared with control animals. Therefore, our investigation concluded that repeated exposure of methanol profoundly suppressed the cell mediated and humoral immune functions in albino rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of methanol intoxication on spcific immune functions of albino rats

et al. 2006

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“…[28] It is interesting to note that alcohol dehydrogenase is responsible for the metabolism of methanol, and ethanol has a higher affinity for this enzyme and is therefore preferentially metabolized. [29] Competition thereof for metabolism would serve to elevate plasma concentrations of methanol, possibly contributing to the renal toxicity observed in the current investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Function in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats Concurrently Exposed to Long-Term Nicotine (3-{1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidinyl}Pyridine) and Methylated Spirits (Methyl Alcohol)

2008

Renal Failure

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Abuse of nicotine and methylated spirits is a global problem. The current study determined the concurrent influence of nicotine and methylated spirits on renal hemodynamics. Two series of experimental protocols were designed: conscious and anesthetized vehicle loading. Conscious animals received nicotine (0.1 mg.kg -1 bwt, 0.26-0.30 mL), methylated spirits (1.0 g.kg -1 bwt, 0.26-0.30 mL), combined nicotine and methylated spirits, and control animals (water, 0.26-0.30 mL). Anesthetized animals were challenged with a continuous jugular infusion of 0.077M NaCl. Plasma nicotine concentration was significantly elevated in combined conscious treatments by comparison with animals infused nicotine alone. Plasma arginine vasopressin was significantly attenuated in combined conscious groups, and those infused methylated spirits alone. Aldosterone was elevated in all conscious groups. Both plasma ethanol and methanol concentrations were elevated in rats concurrently administered nicotine and methylated spirits compared with those given methylated spirits alone. Urinary Na + levels were significantly elevated in all anesthetized groups associated with attenuated aldosterone concentrations. Plasma nicotine concentrations were increased in combined treatments. Plasma ethanol levels were significantly reduced and elevated in rats concurrently exposed to nicotine and methylated spirits, respectively. The present study suggests that chronic exposure to methylated spirits alone and in combination with nicotine increases urinary Na + loss. The renal toxicity is manifested hypothetically via elevations in plasma nicotine and methanol concentrations. This implies that people who concurrently consume methylated spirits and smoke cigarettes have an increased risk of renal failure by being predisposed to fluid and electrolyte disturbances.

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“…The most important initial symptom is visual disturbance. 2 Methanol poisoning induces a metabolic acidosis that can result in the subjective complaint of breathlessness. In more severe cases, victims have bradycardia and CNS complications such as seizures, coma, and respiratory arrest.…”

Section: Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several cases of death and blindness resulting from dermal and respiratory absorption of methanol have also been documented. 2 A high index of suspicion and rapid laboratory confirmation are crucial in diagnosing methanol poisoning.…”

Section: Previewmentioning

confidence: 99%