Methanogens in the human intestinal tract and oral cavity

Brusa, Tullio; Canzi, Elena; Allievi, L.; Puppo, E. Del; Ferrari, Annamaria

doi:10.1007/bf01575989

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The first hypothesis is that host genetics may predispose some individuals to colonization by oral methanogens. However, a comparison of the prevalence of oral and colonic methanogens found that all individuals harboring oral methanogens also harbored colonic methanogens, but not vice versa (9), suggesting that host genetics is not a sufficient explanation for the exclusion of methanogens from the oral cavity. An additional study of monozygotic and dizygotic twins found that host genetics did not play a significant factor in differences in breath methane emission, a hallmark of colonic methanogens (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, there is little information on the relationship between Archaea and chronic periodontitis. Although methanogenic Archaea have been found in the mouth of patients with periodontitis, previous studies lacked fundamental controls and were not quantitative, precluding the establishment of a significant or clinically relevant association between Archaea and disease (1,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). The present study establishes correlations between the presence of disease and the presence of archaeal DNA, the severity of periodontal disease and the relative abundance of archaeal DNA in subgingival plaque, and between disease resolution and diminished archaeal DNA abundance.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Methanogenic Archaea and human periodontal disease

Lepp

Brinig

Ouverney

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

367

329

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Archaea have been isolated from the human colon, vagina, and oral cavity, but have not been established as causes of human disease. In this study, we reveal a relationship between the severity of periodontal disease and the relative abundance of archaeal small subunit ribosomal RNA genes (SSU rDNA) in the subgingival crevice by using quantitative PCR. Furthermore, the relative abundance of archaeal small subunit rDNA decreased at treated sites in association with clinical improvement. Archaea were harbored by 36% of periodontitis patients and were restricted to subgingival sites with periodontal disease. The presence of archaeal cells at these sites was confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization. The archaeal community at diseased sites was dominated by a Methanobrevibacter oralis-like phylotype and a distinct Methanobrevibacter subpopulation related to archaea that inhabit the gut of numerous animals. We hypothesize that methanogens participate in syntrophic relationships in the subgingival crevice that promote colonization by secondary fermenters during periodontitis. Because they are potential alternative syntrophic partners, our finding of larger Treponema populations sites without archaea provides further support for this hypothesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanogenic Archaea and human periodontal disease

Lepp

Brinig

Ouverney

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

367

329

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previously, three studies reported methane production in enrichment cultures from human dental plaque. Methanogenesis occurred in subgingival plaque from 10 out of 36 [6] and from three out of 10 [7] periodontitis patients and in dental plaque from nine out of 20 healthy individuals [8]. Enriched bacteria were assigned to the genus Methanobrevibacter by phenotypic and immunological methods [6,7] and an oral isolate was described as Methanobrevibacter oralis [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of archaeal rDNA from subgingival dental plaque by PCR amplification and sequence analysis

Kulik

2001

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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A PCR assay for the amplification of small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) of Euryarchaea was developed and used to detect archaeal rDNA in 37 (77%) out of 48 pooled subgingival plaque samples from 48 patients suffering from periodontal disease. One major group of cloned periodontal sequences was identical to Methanobrevibacter oralis and a second minor group to Methanobrevibacter smithii. These two groups and a third novel group were found to be more than 98% similar to each other over an 0.65-kb segment of the 16S rRNA gene sequenced. M. oralis was found to be the predominant archaeon in the subgingival dental plaque. Phylogenetic analysis of partial SSU rDNA sequences revealed evidence for a distinct cluster for human and animal Methanobrevibacter sp. within the Methanobacteriaceae family. ß

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“…The vial atmosphere was replaced with a mixture of H 2 and CO 2 (80 and 20%) at 202.6 kPa. After 3 weeks of incubation at 37 °C, the cultures were tested for the characteristic fluorescence of the F 420 factor and CH 4 production (Brusa et al, 1993). The presence of CH 4 in the head space of each vial was tested by Dani model 3200 HWD gas chromatography, equipped with a column (1 m x 4 mm) packed with molecular sieves, and fitted with a thermal conductivity detector.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect ofCamellia sinensis L. whole plant extract on piglet intestinal ecosystem

et al. 2008

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-The employment of Camellia sinensis L. whole plant extract as food supplement in livestock nutrition has been suggested in order to prevent usual livestock intestinal diseases. The aim of the present research was to test the effects of such plant extract on the composition of pig faecal microbiota. Preliminary in vitro fermentation trials evidenced in mixed pig faecal cultures, supplemented with the tested extract, an increase of total anaerobe (p = 0.02) and aerobe (p = 0.03) bacteria, and a decrease of clostridia (p = 0.04) compared to control cultures. Afterwards we investigated in vivo the effects on piglet faecal microbiota of a diet added with 250 mg/kg of Camellia sinensis whole plant extract. A control diet without the plant extract, but added with antibiotic (sulphadiazine, trimethoprim, and tiamulin) was used for the comparison. Microbiological analyses of faecal samples collected after 60 days of the experimental feeding, evidenced a decrease of clostridia (p = 0.001) and enterococci (p = 0.04) counts in the faeces of animals fed with the experimental diet, compared to those fed with the control diet. These results show that the Camellia sinensis L. whole plant extract is able to reduce the number of some potential pathogenic bacteria in piglet gut and hence might improve animal health.

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Methanogens in the human intestinal tract and oral cavity

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Methanogenic Archaea and human periodontal disease

Methanogenic Archaea and human periodontal disease

Identification of archaeal rDNA from subgingival dental plaque by PCR amplification and sequence analysis

Effect ofCamellia sinensis L. whole plant extract on piglet intestinal ecosystem

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