Methanesulfonic acid and non-sea-salt sulfate in pacific air: Regional and seasonal variations

Saltzman, E. S.; Savoie, Dennis L.; Prospero, Joseph M.; Zika, Rod G.

doi:10.1007/bf00052002

Cited by 168 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…7 where annual deposition fluxes of calcium, sulfate and fluoride are reported along with yearly averaged methanesulfonate (CH 3 SO − 3 denoted MSA) to totalor excess-sulfate weight ratios, annual sulfate deposition rate started increasing in the mid 1950s. On the opposite, MSA to SO 2− 4 (or SO 2− 4 exc ) main ratios remained very low (<1% and ∼2%, respectively) compared to values measured over tropical oceans (4-10%, Saltzman et al, 1986), and have slightly decreased since the 1970s. This suggests that DMS does not significantly contribute to the sulfur budget in this area.…”

Section: Other Volcanic Eruptionsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Volcanic eruptions recorded in the Illimani ice core (Bolivia): 1918–1998 and Tambora periods

et al. 2003

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Abstract. Acid layers of volcanic origin detected in polar snow and ice layers are commonly used to document past volcanic activity on a global scale or, conversely, to date polar ice cores. Although most cataclysmic eruptions of the last two centuries (Pinatubo, El Chichon, Agung, Krakatoa, Cosiguina, Tambora, etc.) occurred in the tropics, cold tropical glaciers have not been used for the reconstruction of past volcanism. The glaciochemical study of a 137 m ice core drilled in 1999 close to the summit of Nevado Illimani (Eastern Bolivian Andes, 16 • 37' S, 67 • 46' W, 6350 m asl) demonstrates, for the first time, that such eruptions are recorded by both their tropospheric and stratospheric deposits. An 80-year ice sequence and the Tambora years have been analyzed in detail. In several cases, ash, chloride and fluoride were also detected. The ice records of the Pinatubo (1991), Agung (1963) and Tambora (1815) eruptions are discussed in detail. The potential impact of less important regional eruptions is discussed.

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Section: Other Volcanic Eruptionsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Volcanic eruptions recorded in the Illimani ice core (Bolivia): 1918–1998 and Tambora periods

et al. 2003

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“…The two most important factors contributing to the increase of R are a decrease of anthropogenic nss-sulfate concentrations and an increase of MSA concentrations. The increase of R toward higher latitudes latitudes as well as its strong seasonal cycle at high latitudes are wellknown phenomena (e.g., Saltzman et al, 1986;Bates et al, 1992;Ayers et al, 1996Ayers et al, , 1997Heintzenberg et al, 2000;Savoie et al, 2002). The biogenic R varies from about 0.05-0.06 in tropical latitudes to values >0.3 in high latitudes (Savoie et al, 2002).…”

Section: Saharan Dust and Biomass Burningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition of boundary layer aerosol over the Atlantic Ocean and at an Antarctic site

et al. 2006

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Abstract. Aerosol chemical composition was measured over the Atlantic Ocean in November-December 1999 and at the Finnish Antarctic research station Aboa in January 2000. The concentrations of all anthropogenic aerosol compounds decreased clearly from north to south. An anthropogenic influence was still evident in the middle of the tropical South Atlantic, background values were reached south of Cape Town. Chemical mass apportionment was calculated for high volume filter samples (D p <3µm). North of the equator 70-80% of the aerosol consisted of non-sea-salt species. The contribution of sea salt was ∼25% in the polluted latitudes, >80% in the Southern Ocean, and <10% at Aboa. The contribution of organic carbon was >10% in most samples, also at Aboa. The correlation of biomass-burning-related aerosol components with 210 Pb was very high compared with that between nss calcium and 210 Pb which suggests that 210 Pb is a better tracer for biomass burning than for Saharan dust. The ratio of the two clear tracers for biomass burning, nss potassium and oxalate, was different in European and in African samples, suggesting that this ratio could be used as an indicator of biomass burning type. The concentrations of continentrelated particles decreased exponentially with the distance from Africa. The shortest half-value distance, ∼100 km, was for nss calcium. The half-value distance of particles that are mainly in the submicron particles was ∼700±200 km. The MSA to nss sulfate ratio, R, increased faster than MSA concentration with decreasing anthropogenic influence, indicating that the R increase could largely be explained by the decrease of anthropogenic sulfate.

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“…There is no obvious way to aerodynamically separate M S containing particles from others, so M S must be collected as efficiently as NSS, of which the Sierra collects -80% as much as the other impactors (Table 2). Saltzman et al (1983Saltzman et al ( , 1986) demonstrated that M S on filters and in filter extracts is unaffected by storage at 5°C for periods of up to three years. As the Sierra samples were stored at room temperature, chemical destruction is conceivable, though the chloroform should have eliminated any biological losses.…”

Section: Sierra Versus Berner and Moudimentioning

confidence: 99%

A Field Intercomparison of Three Cascade Impactors

Howell

Pszenny

Quinn

et al. 1998

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Methanesulfonic acid and non-sea-salt sulfate in pacific air: Regional and seasonal variations

Cited by 168 publications

References 23 publications

Volcanic eruptions recorded in the Illimani ice core (Bolivia): 1918–1998 and Tambora periods

Volcanic eruptions recorded in the Illimani ice core (Bolivia): 1918–1998 and Tambora periods

Chemical composition of boundary layer aerosol over the Atlantic Ocean and at an Antarctic site

A Field Intercomparison of Three Cascade Impactors

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