Methane Emissions and Methanogenic Archaea on Pristine, Drained and Restored Mountain Peatlands, Central Europe

Urbanová, Zuzana; Bárta, Jiří; Picek, Tomáš

doi:10.1007/s10021-013-9637-4

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Restoration can move wetland ecosystems into new biogeochemical states (Moreno-Mateos, Power, Comín, & Yockteng, 2012) and some of these changes are likely to influence CH 4 fluxes, such as eutrophication (Franz, Koebsch, Larmanou, Augustin, & Sachs, 2016). Though archaeal methanogenesis (Nisbet & Nisbet, 2008) has been well-studied in intact wetlands (Bridgham et al, 2006;Segers, 1998), the few studies in rewetted peatlands and restored wetlands have focused exclusively on microbial community composition (e.g., Jerman, Metje, Mandić-Mulec, & Frenzel, 2009;Putkinen, Tuittila, Siljanen, Bodrossy, & Fritze, 2017;Urbanová, Bárta, & Picek, 2013;Wen et al, 2018) rather than biogeochemical process rates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Where old meets new: An ecosystem study of methanogenesis in a reflooded agricultural peatland

McNicol

Knox

Guilderson

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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Reflooding formerly drained peatlands has been proposed as a means to reduce losses of organic matter and sequester soil carbon for climate change mitigation, but a renewal of high methane emissions has been reported for these ecosystems, offsetting mitigation potential. Our ability to interpret observed methane fluxes in reflooded peatlands and make predictions about future flux trends is limited due to a lack of detailed studies of methanogenic processes. In this study we investigate methanogenesis in a reflooded agricultural peatland in the Sacramento Delta, California. We use the stable‐and radio‐carbon isotopic signatures of wetland sediment methane, ecosystem‐scale eddy covariance flux observations, and laboratory incubation experiments, to identify which carbon sources and methanogenic production pathways fuel methanogenesis and how these processes are affected by vegetation and seasonality. We found that the old peat contribution to annual methane emissions was large (~30%) compared to intact wetlands, indicating a biogeochemical legacy of drainage. However, fresh carbon and the acetoclastic pathway still accounted for the majority of methanogenesis throughout the year. Although temperature sensitivities for bulk peat methanogenesis were similar between open‐water (Q10 = 2.1) and vegetated (Q10 = 2.3) soils, methane production from both fresh and old carbon sources showed pronounced seasonality in vegetated zones. We conclude that high methane emissions in restored wetlands constitute a biogeochemical trade‐off with contemporary carbon uptake, given that methane efflux is fueled primarily by fresh carbon inputs.

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confidence: 99%

Where old meets new: An ecosystem study of methanogenesis in a reflooded agricultural peatland

McNicol

Knox

Guilderson

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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“…Peatlands are the most widespread of all wetland types in the world, representing 50 to 70 % of global wetlands (Roulet, 2000;Yu et al, 2010). Peatlands around the world sequester around 50 g CO 2 -C m −2 yr −1 Christensen et al, 2012;Humphreys et al, 2014;McVeigh et al, 2014;Peichl et al, 2014;Pelletier et al, 2015) and emit around 12 g CH 4 -C m −2 yr −1 (Abdalla et al, 2016;Brown et al, 2014;Jackowicz-Korczynski et al, 2010;Lai et al, 2014;Urbanová et al, 2013). Furthermore, it has been shown that it is crucial to include peatlands in the modelling and analysis of the global C cycle (Frolking et al, 2013;Kleinen et al, 2010;Wania et al, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drainage results in increased oxidation in peat soils, which then can become a strong source of CO 2 (Langeveld et al, 1997;Petrescu et al, 2015;Joosten, 2012). Additionally, degraded peat increases the risk of peatland fires, which could consequently cause significant CO 2 emissions (Gaveau et al, 2014;Page et al, 2002;van der Werf et al, 2004). These consequences could be worse if nothing is done after the peat extraction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Annual greenhouse gas budget for a bog ecosystem undergoing restoration by rewetting

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Many peatlands have been drained and harvested for peat mining, agriculture, and other purposes, which has turned them from carbon (C) sinks into C emitters. Rewetting of disturbed peatlands facilitates their ecological recovery and may help them revert to carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) sinks. However, rewetting may also cause substantial emissions of the more potent greenhouse gas (GHG) methane (CH 4 ). Our knowledge of the exchange of CO 2 and CH 4 following rewetting during restoration of disturbed peatlands is currently limited. This study quantifies annual fluxes of CO 2 and CH 4 in a disturbed and rewetted area located in the Burns Bog Ecological Conservancy Area in Delta, BC, Canada. Burns Bog is recognized as the largest raised bog ecosystem on North America's west coast. Burns Bog was substantially reduced in size and degraded by peat mining and agriculture. Since 2005, the bog has been declared a conservancy area, with restoration efforts focusing on rewetting disturbed ecosystems to recover Sphagnum and suppress fires. Using the eddy covariance (EC) technique, we measured year-round (16 June 2015 to 15 June 2016) turbulent fluxes of CO 2 and CH 4 from a tower platform in an area rewetted for the last 8 years. The study area, dominated by sedges and Sphagnum, experienced a varying water table position that ranged between 7.7 (inundation) and −26.5 cm from the surface during the study year. The annual CO 2 budget of the rewetted area was −179 ± 26.2 g CO 2 -C m −2 yr −1 (CO 2 sink) and the annual CH 4 budget was 17 ± 1.0 g CH 4 -C m −2 yr −1 (CH 4 source). Gross ecosystem productivity (GEP) exceeded ecosystem respiration (R e ) during summer months (June-August), causing a net CO 2 uptake. In summer, high CH 4 emissions (121 mg CH 4 -C m −2 day −1 ) were measured. In winter (December-February), while roughly equal magnitudes of GEP and R e made the study area CO 2 neutral, very low CH 4 emissions (9 mg CH 4 -C m −2 day −1 ) were observed. The key environmental factors controlling the seasonality of these exchanges were downwelling photosynthetically active radiation and 5 cm soil temperature. It appears that the high water table caused by ditch blocking suppressed R e . With low temperatures in winter, CH 4 emissions were more suppressed than R e . Annual net GHG flux from CO 2 and CH 4 expressed in terms of CO 2 equivalents (CO 2 eq.) during the study period totalled −22 ± 103.1 g CO 2 eq. m −2 yr −1 (net CO 2 eq. sink) and 1248 ± 147.6 g CO 2 eq. m −2 yr −1 (net CO 2 eq. source) by using 100-and 20-year global warming potential values, respectively. Consequently, the ecosystem was almost CO 2 eq. neutral during the study period expressed on a 100-year time horizon but was a significant CO 2 eq. source on a 20-year time horizon.

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“…It should be noted that we examined anaerobic CH 4 oxidation in our study which was often ignored in CH 4 oxidation. The PLFAs method cannot differentiate the methanogenic biomass, but previous studies found that CH 4 efflux was positively correlated with methanogenic biomass (Radl et al 2007;Gutierrez et al 2013;Narvaez et al 2013;Urbanov a et al 2013) but negatively with methanotrophic biomass (Levine et al 2011;Nazaries et al 2013). In fact, the CH 4 efflux at the airÀwater interface is the balance between CH 4 production in the sediment and CH 4 oxidation in the process of transport from the sediment to the atmosphere.…”

Section: Relationship Between Microbial Biomass and Carbon Effluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial biomass in sediments affects greenhouse gas effluxes in Poyang Lake in China

Liu

2015

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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Lake sediments accumulate large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) through microbial decomposition of organic matter. To investigate the relationship between microbial biomass and GHG effluxes, we conducted a large-scale survey in Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China. We measured GHG effluxes using the floating chamber method at 42 sampling sites for three days and also measured microbial biomass using the phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) method. We found that the methane emission rate was positively and linearly related to total microbial biomass, anaerobic biomass, and anaerobic biomass excluding anaerobic methanotrophs. In addition, nitrous oxide efflux normalized to the amount of organic carbon in the sampling sediment (N 2 O/SOC) was significantly correlated with fungal biomass and the ratio of fungal biomass to total microbial biomass. But there were no significant relationships between the CO 2 and CH 4 normalized efflux in the sampling sediment and the biomasses of microbial groups. These results suggest that we could manage GHG emissions by considering the factors regulating microbial biomass in the lake sediments.

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Methane Emissions and Methanogenic Archaea on Pristine, Drained and Restored Mountain Peatlands, Central Europe

Cited by 24 publications

References 43 publications

Where old meets new: An ecosystem study of methanogenesis in a reflooded agricultural peatland

Where old meets new: An ecosystem study of methanogenesis in a reflooded agricultural peatland

Annual greenhouse gas budget for a bog ecosystem undergoing restoration by rewetting

Microbial biomass in sediments affects greenhouse gas effluxes in Poyang Lake in China

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