After exposing dry high-volatile
bituminous coal, low-volatile
bituminous coal, and anthracite to CO2, we measured the
swelling properties of the coal in two pressurization cycles with
a maximum pressure of 12 MPa. The viewpoint of physicochemical interactions
between the coal and CO2 was used to explain these observations
for the first time. Due to the irreversibility of the chemical interactions,
the swelling process is also irreversible. At medium to high pressures,
the compressional environment is stronger than the magnitude of the
swelling; as such, the maximum swelling occurs at 10 MPa. The magnitude
of the swelling increases with the coal rank, indicating more drastic
breakage of the associative bonds in the coal macromolecule. We attribute
anisotropic swelling to the anisotropic bond density in the directions
perpendicular and parallel to the bedding plane. In the second pressurization
cycle, more gases enter the coal macromolecule at the same pressure,
which cause higher strains than those of the first run. The swelling
anisotropy slightly weakens in the second pressurization run because
the expansion perpendicular to the bedding plane is mitigated. Since
the coal rearranges to a more homogeneous structure, the anisotropic
swelling is obvious at all pressures.