Methadone Poisoning in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Iran

Allameh, Yasaman; Akrami, Faezeh Sadat; Mohammadi, Gholamreza; Molavi, Nader; Babakhanian, Masoudeh

doi:10.5812/jpr.10133

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(9 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The most life-threatening toxicity following methadone poisoning is respiratory depression [15]. Central nervous system depression (i.e., drowsiness, reduced consciousness) and miosis were the two most commonly reported clinical signs and symptoms in children with methadone poisoning [7,8,[14][15][16]. The toxicity presentations in the child followed the similar pattern as other reported cases although the child did not develop severe respiratory depression or apnea episodes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Common causes of methadone poisoning in children reported worldwide was due to negligence in safe storage, mistaken as other medicines and intentional use to pacify child by parents [6,7]. There were also foul play cases reported where children were intentionally poisoned by parents who are drug addicts [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only patients who are consistently following DOT in methadone clinic and actively involved in counseling sessions over a defined period, well-behaved and adhered well to rules and regulations, having a proper and productive career/job of which daily DOT may affect his job, and not involved in sales or used of illicit drugs, may be suitable candidates for "takehome dose". In that case, this group of methadone patients need to be constantly reminded and counseled on safe keeping of methadone bottles at home and away from reach of children [4,7,27]. Furthermore, we hope that a new MMT policy can be enacted to replace all the "take-home dose" methadone bottle with bottle with child-resistant cap [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Accidental Methadone Poisoning in a Four-Year-Old Child Reversed With Continuous Intravenous Infusion of Naloxone

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reported case of methadone poisoning among children is infrequent in Malaysia. Since the implementation of methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) programme by Malaysian Ministry of Health in year 2006, there are only three case reports of methadone poisoning in children. Methadone toxicity in children can be deadly if antidote and supportive measures are not instituted in time. We report a case of accidental ingestion of about 25 mg of methadone in a 4-year-old boy. The methadone syrup belonged to his father, a former intravenous drug user (IVDU), who is currently a participant of the MMT detoxification programme under the supervision of a licensed general practitioner. The child presented with typical early signs and symptoms opioid toxicity. Upon examination, vital signs were normal, but he appeared lethargic and drowsy. Venous blood gas results noted mild respiratory acidosis and complete blood count revealed leukocytosis. He was treated with continuous intravenous infusion (CIVI) naloxone 10 µg/kg/h for approximately 78 h. He was hospitalized for 6 days and discharged well. Advice should be given to family who has patient under MMT programme with take-home doses to be more cautious in storage of methadone syrup at home, and to keep the bottle far from the reach of children. Methadone poisoning in children can be deadly and early administration of naloxone as CIVI can effectively reverse its toxicity.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Accidental Methadone Poisoning in a Four-Year-Old Child Reversed With Continuous Intravenous Infusion of Naloxone

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mortality rate in our study was 1.01 %, with the mean age of 45.59 ± 24.20 years and majority of these patients were male. A systematic review and meta-analysis conducted on studies from Iran concerning methadone poising in children reported that loss of consciousness, meiotic pupil and drowsiness were the most common presentation [12]. A study conducted in West Virginia on methadone overdose reported that it was more common in men and patients from rural areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatalities Due to Poisoning with Aluminum Phosphide (Rice Pill) and Methadone

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acute poisoning is commonly seen with pharmaceutical substance or pesticides. Understanding pattern of acute poisoning due to different agents can enable better emergency management. The aim of this study is to present and evaluate the fatality-related data of acute poisoning due to aluminum phosphide (rice pills) and methadone. This descriptive-analytical study was performed on patients Shahid Rahimi Hospital due to poisoning with rice tablets (aluminum phosphide) and methadone from 2015–2020. The data collection tool was a questionnaire using with demographic data, type and dose of poison and clinical presentation, duration of hospitalization was obtained and statistically analyzed. Out of 19 238 patients with poisoning referred to this center, 412 people referred to the hospital due to rice pill poisoning, of which 56 (13.59%) died and among 2157 patients due to methadone poisoning, 22 of them (1.09%) died. In both the groups, rice pill and methadone, there were more male patients 53.57 and 81.81%, respectively. In aluminum phosphide poisoning, the greatest population was in the age group (15–35). However, no specific age group was seen in methadone poisoning. The duration of hospitalization and the time of referral to the emergency department to the death of the patient was significantly correlated with mortality in both the groups. The prevalence of intentional rice kill poising was greatest, effecting young population, we recommend that health care awareness program and training should be provided in this regard. Furthermore, psychiatric care should be made easily available in the region.

show abstract

“…Benzodiazepines, methadone, tramadol, morphine and codeine are among the chemical drugs used extensively for treatment of withdrawal symptoms, anxiety, insomnia, epilepsy and muscular spasm [17][18][19]. Use of these drugs without prescription can lead to adverse effects and hospitalisation and also increasing the health costs in the community [17].…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%