Metamaterial loads used in microstrip antenna for circular polarization: Review

Abstract

The metamaterial elements and structures have been noticed for obtaining circular polarization (CP) while developing various procedures. In this paper, we have mentioned some of these cases and compared the metamaterial loads effect on antenna current distribution. We have classified them into four categories. The first case covers patch antenna based on composite right/left‐handed method, where the metamaterial has been used for changing the current distribution in the loop form. The second case has been achieved by radome and metasurface. In the third model, the interaction between feed and metamaterial load has been considered and the last case has been made by the metamaterial load with truncated structure. The metamaterial loading has been modeled based on Nicolson‐Ross or transmission/reflection techniques for extracting the permittivity and permeability. While the microstrip slot antennas are attractive for wider bandwidth, the truncated structure can change the current for achieving CP. Here, we have studied the antenna for wireless and WiMAX applications.

A Low-Profile Wideband Linear-to-Circular Polarization Conversion Slot Antenna Using Metasurface

“…Recently, circularly polarized (CP) antennas have become an attractive choice for many communication systems, such as satellite communications and global positioning systems. This is mainly because CP antennas have numerous benefits over linearly polarized (LP) antennas, such as reducing the physical losses, providing anti-jamming, receiving an arbitrary polarization wave, and so on [2,3]. Microstrip patch antennas have been widely used in CP antennas due to their advantages in regard to their low cost, small size, simple structure, and easy integration [4].…”

Microwave antennas—An intrinsic part of RF energy harvesting systems: A contingent study about its design methodologies and state‐of‐art technologies in current scenario

“…Table B demonstrates RF‐to‐DC PCE (%) and amount of voltage harvested for the proposed antennas. It demonstrates the achievement of design tradeoffs such as polarization diversity, wide/broad axial bandwidth, high realized gain, consistent antenna efficiency, and directional pattern diversity. U‐shaped monopole antenna for GSM 900 bands loaded with PEC and AMC reflector Circular‐shaped monopole antenna with AMC reflector for wideband circular polarization Circular‐shaped monopole antenna with PEC reflector for broadband circular polarization Y‐shaped monopole antenna with PEC reflector for wideband circular polarization Y‐shaped monopole antenna with AMC reflector for broadband circular polarization …”

“…The relevant theories of basic forms of antennas are available in open literature . It is further classified into high performance antennas, metamaterial antennas, CP antennas, reconfigurable antennas, and array antennas . It is a strong belief that prerequisites need to be cleared before using the implicit technique in proposed antenna models.…”

“…[107][108][109] The relevant theories of basic forms of antennas are available in open literature. 36,65,70,75,80,85,91,96,101,104,107 It is further classified into high performance antennas, [110][111][112][113]159 metamaterial antennas, [114][115][116][117][160][161][162] CP antennas, [118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177] reconfigurable antennas,…”

“…Table 8B demonstrates RF-to-DC PCE (%) and amount of voltage harvested for the proposed antennas. It demonstrates the achievement of design tradeoffs such as polarization diversity, [164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177] wide/broad axial bandwidth, high realized gain, consistent antenna efficiency, and directional pattern diversity.…”