Metals and micronutrients – food safety issues

McLaughlin, Mike J.; Parker, David R.; Clarke, J. M.

doi:10.1016/s0378-4290(98)00137-3

Cited by 787 publications

(431 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Typically Pb concentrations are not high in most plants (20). Seldom do maximum levels in animal feeds exceed 2000 ng Pb g -1 (31), yet levels approaching 2 orders of magnitude higher were observed during this investigation as potential animal fodder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The highest recorded soil Cd concentration was 99 µg g -1 ; although uncommon, cultivated paddy soils in southern Asia have been found to reach up to 284 µg g -1 (2). In arable soils not severely contaminated by anthropogenic activities such as mining, smelting, or from inputs of Cd tainted fertilizers, global levels should range between 0.1 and 2 µg Cd g -1 (20). Of the total amount of Cd in the Chinese soils, on average 52% of the Cd in Hunan and 19% of the Yangtze River Delta soils was shown to be labile following weak acid extraction, with levels at Shuikoushan found to be an order of magnitude higher than the global background for total Cd.…”

Section: Grain Survey (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and Partitioning of Cadmium, Arsenic and Lead in Mine Impacted Paddy Rice: Hunan, China

Williams

Lei

Sun

et al. 2009

Environ. Sci. Technol.

455

206

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Paddy rice has been likened to nictiana sp in its ability to scavenge cadmium (Cd) from soil, whereas arsenic (As) accumulation is commonly an order of magnitude higher than in other cereal crops. In areas such as those found in parts of Hunan province in south central China, base-metal mining activities and rice farming coexist. Therefore there is a considerable likelihood that lead (Pb), in addition to Cd and As, will accumulate in rice grown in parts of this region above levels suitable for human consumption. To test this hypothesis, a widespread provincial survey of rice from mine spoilt paddies (n ) 100), in addition to a follow-up market grain survey (n ) 122) conducted in mine impacted areas was undertaken to determine the safety of local rice supply networks. Furthermore, a specific Cd, As, and Pb biogeochemical survey of paddy soil and rice was conducted within southern China, targeting sites impacted by mining of varying intensities to calibrate rice metal(loid) transfer models and transfer factors that can be used to predict tissue loading. Results revealed a number of highly significant correlations between shoot, husk, bran, and endosperm rice tissue fractions and that rice from mining areas was enriched in Cd, As, and Pb. Sixty-five, 50, and 34% of all the mine-impacted field rice was predicted to fail national food standards for Cd, As, and Pb, respectively. Although, not as elevated as the grains from the mine-impacted field survey, it was demonstrated that metal(loid) tainted rice was entering food supply chains intended for direct human consumption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Grain Survey (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Partitioning of Cadmium, Arsenic and Lead in Mine Impacted Paddy Rice: Hunan, China

Williams

Lei

Sun

et al. 2009

Environ. Sci. Technol.

455

206

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“…Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic pollutants found in the air, water, and soil, and is nonessential for plants. It can be accumulated through the food chain (Wagner 1993) and is a danger to animal and human health (Chaney et al 1999;McLaughlin et al 1999). Cd has a negative influence on photosynthetic, respiratory, and nitrogen (N) metabolism in plants, resulting in a poor growth and low biomass (Sanità di Toppi & Gabbrielli 1999;Pereira et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nitrogen on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and gene expression in leaves of Populus plants subjected to cadmium stress

Zhang

Wan

Zheng

et al. 2014

Journal of Plant Interactions

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The research aimed to verify the important physiological effect of nitrogen (N) on plants exposed to cadmium (Cd). The poplar plants were grown in a Hoagland nutrient solution and treated with extra N, Cd, and N + Cd. After treatment, plant growth and chlorophyll content were recorded. The oxidative stress, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the expression of related genes were also examined. The results indicated the plants treated with sole Cd presented obvious toxicity symptoms, i.e. growth inhibition, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and chlorophyll content decrement. However, when N was added to the plants under Cd stress, plant growth was enhanced, chlorophyll synthesis was promoted, and the oxidative stress was alleviated. Further, the expression of antioxidant enzymes genes was upregulated by N. The results indicated that N partially reversed the toxic effect of Cd on poplar plants, which can provide new methodology to enhance the phytoremediation technology for heavy metal pollution soil.

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“…However, generally speaking, the excessive accumulation of most heavy metals and metalloids in soils and plants may pose serious health risks to humans and exert adverse impacts on the ecosystem itself (Granero and Domingo, 2002;McLaughlin et al, 1999McLaughlin et al, , 2000. For example, the accumulation of Cd in human bodies (principally in kidney and liver) can cause renal dysfunction and bone disease such as Itai-Itai (Nordberg, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to metal mixtures and human health impacts in a contaminated area in Nanning, China

Cui

Zhu

Zhai³

et al. 2005

Environment International

265

104

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Metals and micronutrients – food safety issues

Cited by 787 publications

References 112 publications

Occurrence and Partitioning of Cadmium, Arsenic and Lead in Mine Impacted Paddy Rice: Hunan, China

Occurrence and Partitioning of Cadmium, Arsenic and Lead in Mine Impacted Paddy Rice: Hunan, China

Effects of nitrogen on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and gene expression in leaves of Populus plants subjected to cadmium stress

Exposure to metal mixtures and human health impacts in a contaminated area in Nanning, China

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