Metal species in a Boreal river system affected by acid sulfate soils

Nystrand, Miriam; Österholm, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.12.015

Cited by 45 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…T his study examines the changes to soil porewater chemistry that occurred when previously desiccated active acid sulfate soils (ASS) with a sulfuric horizon (pH <3.5) (Soil Survey Staff, 2014) were rapidly submerged by a large freshwater body. Acidity, metals, and metalloids (Al, As, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn) made available from the oxidation of pyrite contained in potential ASS with sulfidic material (pH >3.5) or subsequent processes, such as the acid dissolution of layer silicate clays, can be mobilized during rewetting and potentially result in damage to surrounding ecosystems (Astrom and Astrom, 1997; Dent, 1986; Macdonald et al, 2004; Nyberg et al, 2012; Nystrand and Osterholm, 2013). The most significant risks of environmental degradation usually occur following the rewetting of desiccated and acidified (pH <3.5) active ASS but before the reestablishment of reducing conditions where dilution and neutralization toward circumneutral pH can immobilize some metal species and encourage the reformation of sulfide minerals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Porewater Geochemistry of Inland Acid Sulfate Soils with Sulfuric Horizons Following Postdrought Reflooding with Freshwater

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Following the break of a severe drought in the Murray-Darling Basin, rising water levels restored subaqueous conditions to dried inland acid sulfate soils with sulfuric horizons (pH <3.5). Equilibrium dialysis membrane samplers were used to investigate in situ changes to soil acidity and abundance of metals and metalloids following the first 24 mo of restored subaqueous conditions. The rewetted sulfuric horizons remained severely acidified (pH ∼4) or had retained acidity with jarosite visibly present after 5 mo of continuous subaqueous conditions. A further 19 mo of subaqueous conditions resulted in only small additional increases in pH (∼0.5-1 pH units), with the largest increases occurring within the uppermost 10 cm of the soil profile. Substantial decreases in concentrations of some metal(loid)s were observed with time most likely owing to lower solubility and sorption as a consequence of the increase in pH. In deeper parts of the profiles, porewater remained strongly buffered at low pH values (pH <4.5) and experienced little progression toward anoxic circumneutral pH conditions over the 24 mo of subaqueous conditions. It is proposed that low pH conditions inhibited the activity of SO-reducing bacteria and, in turn, the in situ generation of alkalinity through pyrite production. The limited supply of alkalinity in freshwater systems and the initial highly buffered low pH conditions were also thought to be slowing recovery. The timescales involved for a sulfuric horizon rewetted by a freshwater body to recover from acidic conditions could therefore be in the order of several years.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Porewater Geochemistry of Inland Acid Sulfate Soils with Sulfuric Horizons Following Postdrought Reflooding with Freshwater

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, as in LWC, PASS transformed into AASS in just over 1 year in lysimeters in the study of Ritsema et al (1992), and also in the field after a few years with good drainage (Dent, 1986, p.121). In addition, comparison of the results of Al speciation simulations to the previous corresponding simulations (Nystrand and Österholm, 2013) revealed that the most toxic Al 3+ and also toxic AlSO 4 + (Gensemer and Playle, 1999) were similarly dominant aqueous Al species in our study as in the closest watercourses discharging from cultivated AS fields. However, in the recent study of Yvanes-Giuliani et al (2014), a positive relationship between Al and pH was found when waters were rich in DOC and pH was higher than 5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

A multi-scale comparison of dissolved Al, Fe and S in a boreal acid sulphate soil

Virtanen

Simojoki

Rita

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Therefore, the data on metal sorption in our study, where the synthetic drainage water did not contain organic substances, may be an overestimation of metal binding. Further, acidity, metal and organic C concentrations (dissolved, colloidal and particulate) of ASS drainage water in the field are highly variable both in time and in space (Astrom and Bjorklund 1996;Nystrand and Österholm 2013). The pH of the drainage water could influence binding of metals to organic materials because metal binding increases as pH increases due to reduced competition between proton-binding sites on the organic materials (Kerndorff and Schnitzer 1980;Gundersen and Steinies 2003).…”

Section: Correlations Between Retention and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Organic Materials Differ in Ability to Remove Protons, Iron and Aluminium from Acid Sulfate Soil Drainage Water

Dang

Mosley

Fitzpatrick

et al. 2015

Water Air Soil Pollut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drainage water from acid sulfate soils with sulfuric material has high concentrations of protons and dissolved metals which can have detrimental effects on the surrounding ecosystems. Liming is expensive; therefore, alternative methods are needed. Organic materials such as plant residues, compost or biochars can bind protons and metals but have not been evaluated with respect to remediation of acid drainage water from acid sulfate soils. In this study, eight organic materials (compost, two straws and five biochars differing in feed stock and production temperature) were placed in small PVC cores at 1.5 g C/core and synthetic acid drainage water (pH 3, 28 mg Fe/l and 2 mg Al/l, properties based on long-term averages of drainage water from sulfuric acid sulfate soils) was applied in four leaching events. Mallee biochar produced at 550°C and wheat biochar produced at 450°C had high retention capacity for protons, Fe and Al. Retention was low in compost and wheat straw. Retention of protons was positively correlated with organic C concentration of the materials. Retention of Fe and Al was correlated with percentage alkyl, aryl and ketone groups. Other properties such as release of native Fe and Al and amount of material per core could explain differences in ability of organic materials to retain protons, Fe and Al. We conclude that some organic materials such as mallee biochar produced at 550°C and wheat biochar produced at 450°C could be used to remediate acidic drainage water.

show abstract

Metal species in a Boreal river system affected by acid sulfate soils

Cited by 45 publications

References 58 publications

Porewater Geochemistry of Inland Acid Sulfate Soils with Sulfuric Horizons Following Postdrought Reflooding with Freshwater

Porewater Geochemistry of Inland Acid Sulfate Soils with Sulfuric Horizons Following Postdrought Reflooding with Freshwater

A multi-scale comparison of dissolved Al, Fe and S in a boreal acid sulphate soil

Organic Materials Differ in Ability to Remove Protons, Iron and Aluminium from Acid Sulfate Soil Drainage Water

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About