Metal oxide powder synthesis by the “emulsion combustion” method

Tani, Takao; Takatori, Kazumasa; Watanabe, Naoyoshi; Kamiya, Nobuo

doi:10.1557/jmr.1998.0151

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Essentially little is known on how droplets are converted to particles, given that in situ measuring of flame and particle characteristics is rather challenging in these particleladen flames. Such data are needed to understand some of the intriguing FSP results such as the formation of solid or hollow Al 2 O 3 by replacing air with O 2 as oxidant/dispersion gas (Tani et al, 1998(Tani et al, , 2003 or Bi 2 O 3 by controlling the composition of the precursor solution fed to FSP .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of zirconia particles made by flame spray pyrolysis

Mueller¹,

Jossen²,

Kammler³

et al. 2004

AIChE Journal

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The growth of ZrO 2 particles in spray flames is studied at production rates of 100 and 300 g/h by thermophoretic sampling (TS) and image analysis of transmission electron microscope (TEM) micrographs. At each TS location, the corresponding temperature of the particle-laden spray flame is measured along the centerline by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The product powder is analyzed by nitrogen adsorption and TEM. The measured evolution of primary particle size distribution is presented and

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of zirconia particles made by flame spray pyrolysis

Mueller¹,

Jossen²,

Kammler³

et al. 2004

AIChE Journal

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“…This does not pose a fabrication issue, since existing nano-technology creates submicrometer particles in the form of microballoons or coated and plain microspheres [17], [24]- [26]. Concerning the issue of applicability of bulk optical constants to such small particles, good agreement has been observed for particles in the size range of 3-4 nm [17].…”

Section: Implementation In the Microwave Regimementioning

confidence: 94%

“…These are functions of narrow support and, according to the distribution theory in functional analysis, they are representations of a Dirac -function. Thus, we may write [23] for (25) where (26) is the location of the maximum in .…”

Section: Characteristics Of Transparency Windowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel material with narrow-band transparency window in the bulk

Kyriazidou

Díaz

Alexopoulos

2000

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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This paper presents the theoretical design of an artificial dielectric exhibiting narrowband frequency selective properties in the bulk without relying on periodic placement of elements. In this manner, it initiates a novel approach that bypasses the drawbacks of the traditional frequency selective surfaces (FSS), namely, unwanted passbands, dependence on excitation angle and polarization, and difficulties in conversion from planar to curved geometries. The key design elements are the concentric geometry of the inclusions and the use of Lorentzian resonant media. A discussion of physical resonant materials is presented, substantiating the credibility of the theoretical design. To illustrate the approach, a novel complex medium is synthesized as an ensemble of spherical particles composed of a lossy core coated with a highly resonant dielectric layer and embedded into a dielectric host. The resulting structure is an amorphous substance, lossy over its entire spectrum except for two narrow-band transparency windows, where it may become as lossless as desired. The parameter space of the system is thoroughly analyzed which determines the type of constitutive materials and geometries for tailor-designing the windows according to specifications (shape, positioning and overall normalization). In this sense, the lossy concentric structure forms an ideal candidate for thin absorbing films (TAF's) with extensive applications in antenna systems, RF absorbers, and anechoic chambers.

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“…This self-sustaining spray flame method is called the emulsion combustion method (ECM). Developed at Toyota labs in 1997 [68], this technique has been successfully applied to titania, silica, alumina, zirconia, barium titanate and zirconia-ceria, as well as electronic, catalytic and ceramic applications [69,70]. A major limitation of this method can be the lack of control with respect to product morphology (e.g.…”

Section: Emulsion Combustion Methods (Ecm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most of the processes and applications introduced so far, the sprayed precursor solutions contained species which require external energy for their reaction. In EMC, the very high energy content of the kerosene in close proximity to the endothermic-reacting precursor (less than a micrometer) could not avoid the formation of hollow particles [69].…”

Section: Flame Spray Pyrolysis (Fsp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid-fed Aerosol Reactors for One-step Synthesis of Nano-structured Particles

Mädler

2004

KONA

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Aerosol technology is the key process for large-scale production of nano-structured materials such as carbon black, titania and silica. The understanding of gas-phase synthesis was transferred successfully from classic vapor-fed f lames to liquid-fed aerosol reactors, enabling now also the one-step production of demanding and highly functional products. Such aerosol-derived nano-structured metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, and metals on metal oxides find application in the fields of catalysis, sensors, fillers, and electronics, and have advanced the research and development of these reactors in recent years. The four main spray methods include spray pyrolysis in a tubular reactor (SP), spray pyrolysis using a vapor f lame reactor (VFSP), the emulsion combustion method (ECM) and f lame spray pyrolysis (FSP). These methods are discussed and key concepts are compared such as the energy source driving the solvent/fuel evaporation and precursor reaction, final particle formation. Advances in fundamental understanding, scaling and simulation are highlighted. Specific strategies for the production of homogeneous products are presented in context with existing methods and specific applications. Finally, research needs are discussed with respect to new f lame-made materials, instrumental strategies for their production and process optimization, including diagnostic techniques and process simulation.

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Metal oxide powder synthesis by the “emulsion combustion” method

Cited by 21 publications

References 5 publications

Growth of zirconia particles made by flame spray pyrolysis

Growth of zirconia particles made by flame spray pyrolysis

Novel material with narrow-band transparency window in the bulk

Liquid-fed Aerosol Reactors for One-step Synthesis of Nano-structured Particles

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