Metal–Organic Frameworks as Micromotors with Tunable Engines and Brakes

Li, Jinxing; Yu, Xia; Xu, Mingli; Liu, Wenjuan; Sandraz, Elodie; Lan, Hsin; Wang, Joseph; Cohen, Seth M.

doi:10.1021/jacs.6b11899

Cited by 96 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are compounds consisting of metal ions coordinated to organic ligands that form 1D, 2D, and 3D structures that have applicability as catalysts . Therefore, MOFs were considered in the design of catalytic micromotors . For example, Wang et al used a zeolitic imidazolate framework‐67 (ZIF‐67) in nano/micromotors with a rhombic dodecahedral shape .…”

Section: Fuel‐driven Nano/micromotorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Nano‐ and Micromotors

Fernández-Medina

Ramos-Docampo

Hovorka

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

157

133

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Nano‐ and micromotors are fascinating objects that can navigate in complex fluidic environments. Their active motion can be triggered by external power sources or they can exhibit self‐propulsion using fuel extracted from their surroundings. The research field is rapidly evolving and has produced nano/micromotors of different geometrical designs, exploiting a variety of mechanisms of locomotion, being capable of achieving remarkable speeds in diverse environments ranging from simple aqueous solutions to complex media including cell cultures or animal tissue. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent developments with focus on predominantly experimental demonstrations of the various motor designs developed in the past 24 months. First, externally driven motors are discussed followed by considering fuel‐driven approaches. Finally, a short future perspective is provided.

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Section: Fuel‐driven Nano/micromotorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Nano‐ and Micromotors

Fernández-Medina

Ramos-Docampo

Hovorka

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

157

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In presence of H 2 O 2 , MOFs Janus motors efficiently moved due to the catalytic reaction between the fuel and its cobalt (Co) rich region, corresponding to the ZIF‐67. A more advanced configuration based on UiO‐type (University of Oslo) MOFs that presented different metal‐based propulsion allowed tunable engines and on–off control, a similar concept to the multifuel Janus motors previously reported by Gao et al The MOF scaffold was prepared by using a Zr 4+ ‐based UiO‐67, a fabrication method that offers huge versatility both regarding the metal ion introduced in the structure (which will define the micromotor's catalytic activity) and the corresponding chelators (Figure G). The MOFs Janus micromotors contained Co and manganese (Mn), and they both showed bubble‐propelled motion in presence of H 2 O 2 .…”

Section: Synthetic Micro/nanoparticle Motorsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Self‐Propelled Micro/Nanoparticle Motors

Guix

Weiz

Schmidt

et al. 2018

Part & Part Syst Charact

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resulted in a forward motion. Here, the thermodynamic forces act over the inertial thrust. Variations of this motion principle have been reported over the last decade and they will be discussed accordingly in the following sections depending on the micromotor design and the energy source used for its propulsion (i.e., concentration gradient, electric fields, magnetic fields, thermal gradients). Additionally, different approaches to improve the performance in terms of velocity, control, lifetime, and functionality will be covered. However, there are certain constraints on the synthetic autonomous nano-and microparticle performance, such as poor interaction with the surrounding environment (i.e., biological entities) and lack of sensing capabilities, in addition to low lifespan or related toxicity issues. Therefore, biohybrid particulate micromotors appear as a promising solution to overcome such hurdles. They take advantage of the tailored and advanced functions of biological cells or microorganism, such as self-propulsion, sensing, and cargo capabilities, as well as their ability to interact with other cells. Together with the controllability of engineered microobjects, hybrid micro-and nanomotors represent a promising tool for diverse biomedical and environmental applications, where the main power source comes from their natural environment. [11] As shown in Figure 1, in this review we classify micro-and nanoparticle micromotors in two main categories: synthetic and biohybrids. The synthetic micromotors are then divided according to their propulsion mechanism, as follows: those propelled by a catalytic reaction, by optical stimuli, under magnetic fields, with ultrasound steering, electricity, and thermophoresis, respectively. Likewise, the biohybrids are classified as those propelled by bacteria and those employing enzymes as main energy source, respectively. Additionally, we point out the different methods that have been proposed during the last decade to guide the particles and the related collective behavior. We also discuss the potential applications and remaining challenges in the final section of the review. Synthetic Micro/Nanoparticle MotorsThe development of the first sphere-like synthetic micro-and nanomachines with their rotationally symmetric shape was particularly challenging. As per se, they contradict the first rule in the design of microscale devices aiming to perform an effective motility in response to specific energy input: they must present asymmetry. Such symmetry breaking can be associated with shape or the distribution of a certain reactive The growing interest in the design and fabrication of novel autonomous micro-and nanoparticles is motivated by the vast advances in their motion efficiency and their further implementation in both biomedical and environmental fields. The present review covers the motion principle and fabrication procedures of synthetic and hybrid particle-like micromotors reported to date to give a comprehensive view of the key design parameters and different approaches...

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“…Through the study of transport processes in the living cells, kinds of biomolecular motors with high efficiency and functionality which are used for bubble propulsion involving the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide get great development And UiO‐based micromotors were also studied and generated successfully . Firstly UiO‐67‐bpy 0.25 was synthesized by mixing 25% H 2 dcbpy (2,2′‐bipyridine‐dicarboxylic acid) and H 2 bpdc as connecting ligands.…”

Section: Uio‐67 Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… The speed of the UiO‐67‐Co(bpy) 0.25 and UiO‐67‐Mn(bpy) 0.25 micromotors engines in different concentrations of chemical fuel …”

Section: Uio‐67 Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Functional Groups Expands the Applications of UiO‐67 for Adsorption, Catalysis and Thiols Detection

2018

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This review explores the structures and properties of UiO‐67 and its derivatives as well as the corresponding synthetic and characterization method. With remarkably high surface area, high thermal and chemical stabilities and excellent mechanical properties, UiO‐67 is very promising and competitive among kinds of metal‐organic frameworks. UiO‐67 not only has good performance on some gases adsorption and storage and removal of organophosphorus pesticides, but also can act as the catalyst in the nerve‐agent hydrolysis. More importantly, by introducing various functional organic linkers into UiO‐67 framework or incorporating different metal complexes and other functional groups, the resulting derivatives of UiO‐67 can improve its water stability, show enhanced gases adsorption properties and expand the application of UiO‐67 such as catalytic hydrolysis of phosphate‐ester, catalytic detoxication of chemical warfare agents, catalytic promotion of Friedel–Crafts reactions, Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction, C−C and C−H bond activation reactions and a series of photocatalytic reactions, catalytic addition of asymmetric aldol, micromotor engines, detection of some biological thiols and so on.

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Metal–Organic Frameworks as Micromotors with Tunable Engines and Brakes

Cited by 96 publications

References 33 publications

Recent Advances in Nano‐ and Micromotors

Recent Advances in Nano‐ and Micromotors

Self‐Propelled Micro/Nanoparticle Motors

Incorporation of Functional Groups Expands the Applications of UiO‐67 for Adsorption, Catalysis and Thiols Detection

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