Metal–organic frameworks as catalytic selectivity regulators for organic transformations

Abstract

Selective organic transformations using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-based heterogeneous catalysts have been an intriguing but challenging research topic in both the chemistry and materials communities.

Two‐Dimensional Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets: Synthesis and Applications in Electrocatalysis and Photocatalysis

“…Organic electrosynthesis is a green and sustainable alternative to traditional organic synthesis that relied on reagents [156,157] . Despite the numerous reports of using bulk MOF or 2D MONs as heterocatalysts for various organic transformations, such as selective oxidation of alcohol/sulfur/amine/styrene, hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, cycloaddition of CO 2 , epoxidation of olefins, cyanosilylation, C−S/C−O/C−C coupling, and condensation (the topic of 2D MONs for thermocatalysis is summarized by several excellent Review articles), [32,34,158–161] the direct use of pristine 2D MONs as electrocatalysts for organic transformations is rare. A main reason is the poor conductivity of MOFs and the difficulty in integrating onto the surface of electrodes.…”

Hydrophobic perfluoroalkane modified metal‐organic frameworks for the enhanced electrocatalytic reduction of CO2

“…In the recent years, porous crystalline metalorganic frameworks (MOFs) constructed by metal nodes and functional ligands have attracted widespread attention in gas storage, separation, catalysis, sensors, and biomedicine, [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] and are considered as good candidates for CO 2 RR due to their high surface areas, large adsorption uptakes of CO 2 and abundant accessible single sites. [46][47][48][49][50][51] Nevertheless, the selectivity of the reported MOF electrocatalysts toward the CO 2 RR is still far from the commercial standards because the competitive HER is usually occurred in aqueous electrolyte.…”

The biomimetic engineering of metal–organic frameworks with single-chiral-site precision for asymmetric hydrogenation

“…Recently, the booming growth in crystalline porous materials has attracted substantial attention in diverse elds [17][18][19] because of their large surface area, ordered pore structure and easy functionalization, among other advantages. Among these materials, chiral metal-organic frameworks (CMOFs) assembled from metal ions/nodes and chiral ligands have shown ourishing prospects in the applications of enantioselective sensing, [20][21][22] chiral separation [23][24][25] and asymmetric catalysis.…”