Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Derivatives: Designing Principles and Advances toward Advanced Cathode Materials for Alkali Metal Ion Batteries

Abstract

storage and conversion. [8a,c,11] For example, Xu et al. summarized the advances of MOFs and their derivatives for electrochemical applications, including supercapacitors, batteries, and fuel cells. [11a] Besides, Zou et al. presented some engineering strategies to improve the performance of MOF-related materials for energy storage and conversion. [11i] However, few review articles focus on MOF-related materials as cathode materials for alkali metal ion batteries (LIBs, SIBs, and PIBs). Besides, the relationship between fundamental characteristics and electrochemical performance for MOF-related cathode materials is less discussed. Given the key role of the cathode materials in the batteries, in this review, we present design principles for promoting the electrochemical performance of MOF-related materials in terms of component/structure design, composite fabrication, and morphology engineering. Last, the challenges and perspectives about MOF-related cathode materials for alkali metal ion batteries are discussed.

Metal–organic framework‐derived phosphide nanomaterials for electrochemical applications

“…[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61] Also, further processing and design of the above materials will help to improve the cycling durability and energy power density of MOFs, optimize the structure of carbon-based catalysts, enhance the application of active metal atoms, and promote the conductivity, stability, and the corrosion resistance of catalyst carriers. [62][63][64][65] Many researchers are still working on the development and application of MOF-derived phosphide nanomaterials. As research in MOF-derived phosphide nanomaterials is gradually becoming saturated (Figure 1A,B), it is time to comprehensively review the application of MOF-derived phosphide nanomaterials in electrochemistry.…”

“…In particular, MOF‐derived phosphide nanomaterials can not only retain the benefits of the original MOF structure but also be useful for the practical application of energy storage, and some catalysis processes like thermal catalysis, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis, because of the outstanding performance in active sites, physicochemical properties, and component structures 51–61 . Also, further processing and design of the above materials will help to improve the cycling durability and energy power density of MOFs, optimize the structure of carbon‐based catalysts, enhance the application of active metal atoms, and promote the conductivity, stability, and the corrosion resistance of catalyst carriers 62–65 . Many researchers are still working on the development and application of MOF‐derived phosphide nanomaterials.…”

A Monocrystalline Coordination Polymer with Multiple Redox Centers as a High‐Performance Cathode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…As electrode materials, they can take advantage of both transition metal redox and organic ligand redox, which make it possible to combine the merits of inorganic electrodes with high voltage and organic electrodes with high capacity, thus acting as greatly improved cathodes for LIBs. [27][28][29] The coordination bonds can immobilize organic ligands and restrain their dissolution in the electrolyte. Lowcost and environment-friendly transition metals such as Fe and Cu can replace the expensive and toxic Co used in LiCoO 2 and NCM/NCA cathodes, which will promote the sustainable development.…”

Metal-Organic Frameworks for Metal-Ion Batteries: Towards Scalability

“…1): electrodes, solid-state electrolyte, separator and potentially contacts with the metallic conductivity [6][7][8][9][10]. There are many reviews covering the design [5,[11][12][13][14][15][16] fabrication, operation, limitations, and prospects of specific MOFs as individual structural elements such as cathodes and anodes [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], electrolytes and separators [27][28][29][30]. However, the problem associated with the creation of scalable MOFs for mass (as BASF, MOF-WORX, and NuMat make [31][32][33][34]) and large-scale production with focus on energy applications has not been addressed.…”