Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting provides a reasonable and feasible strategy to capture and transform solar energy, which employs a manner analogous to photosynthesis. Herein, a noble-metal-free polyoxometalate (K 6 Na[Ni 3 (H 2 O) 3 PW 10 O 39 H 2 O]•12H 2 O (Ni 3 POM)) as a novel molecular cocatalyst is incorporated into a typical FeOOH/BiVO 4 composite photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Interestingly, we find that the combination of Ni 3 POM and the hybrid FeOOH/BiVO 4 photoanode remarkably boosts the PEC performance. Particularly, the photocurrent density of Ni 3 POM/FeOOH/BiVO 4 photoanode reaches 5.2 mA/cm 2 , causing an about 4-fold enhancement in the photoelectrochemical activity at 1.23 V vs RHE. Furthermore, the photocurrent density of the Ni 3 POM/FeOOH/BiVO 4 photoanode still remains 99% after a 1 h stability test at 1.23 V vs RHE, indicating the PEC stability is greatly improved. Concomitantly, a 1.1% ABPE value was obtained at 0.8 V vs RHE. Notably, FeOOH not only is responsible for hole transfer between the POMs and BiVO 4 but also plays a synergistic catalytic role with Ni 3 POM. The introduction of Ni 3 POM accelerates the separation and transfer of carriers and surface reaction kinetics, simultaneously improving the PEC stability. Our work may offer a strategy to design a novel molecular cocatalyst of POMs to promote PEC performance, further achieving efficient solar−fuel conversion.