Metal complexes of phenothiazine based pharmaceuticals: A study of their chemistry and biological effects

Kidd, Sue; Epstein, Martin; Nelson, M. J.; Hevér, Anikó; Molnar, James; Hambley, Trevor W.; Aszalós, Adorján

doi:10.1016/0162-0134(95)97345-q

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Although many transition metal phenothiazine complexes have been synthesised and characterised, there are only a few reports of their crystal and molecular structures. [20][21][22][23][24][25] In order to investigate the coordination chemistry of N-substituted phenothiazines, palladium(II) complexes were prepared by reaction of N-alkyl-Ptz (alkyl = methyl and ethyl; Ptz = phenothiazine) with [PdCl 2 (cod)] (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) in 2 : 1 molar ratio (Scheme 2). Complexes 5 and 6 were obtained as dark purple solids.…”

Section: Transition Metal Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the coordination properties of phenothiazine by regioselective introduction of diphenylphosphanyl groups

et al. 2015

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The palladium and platinum complexes of the newly synthesized 1-(diphenylphosphino)-10-methyl-10H-phenothiazine (1) and the previously reported 3-(diphenylphosphino)-10-alkyl-10H-phenothiazine [alkyl = Me (2), Et (3)] and 4-(diphenylphosphino)-10-ethyl-10H-phenothiazine (4) were prepared. Density functional calculations were carried out to explain the electronic properties of compounds 1, 3 and 4. Compounds 1, 3 and 4 can interact with DNA, as was observed in agarose gel electrophoresis experiments. In addition, the cytotoxicity of the platinum complexes of ligands 2 and 4 towards breast, colorectal and hepatocarcinoma cell lines was studied.

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Section: Transition Metal Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuning the coordination properties of phenothiazine by regioselective introduction of diphenylphosphanyl groups

et al. 2015

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“…Only a few studies of transition metal complexes with phenothiazine have been reported so far [39e46]. These complexes are mononuclear, with ligands coordinated in a monodentate fashion through heterocyclic sulphur [39,44,45] or through heterocyclic nitrogen [46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New ruthenium(II) complexes with N-alkylphenothiazines: Synthesis, structure, in vivo activity as free radical scavengers and in vitro cytotoxicity

Krstić

Sovilj

Grgurić-Šipka

et al. 2010

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

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“…In medicine, phenothiazines are also applied as antiarrhythmic drugs or photodynamic virus inactivators 8. Their efficiency in affecting the antibiotic resistance of bacteria and tumor cells is the subject of continuous and intense investigations 9. A quenching action of the phenothiazines on radical formation has been found to be responsible for inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation 10,11 and characterized redox activity of this class of tricyclic compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of a promazine radical and promazine 5‐oxide in the reaction of promazine with hydrogen peroxide: Mechanistic insight from kinetic and EPR measurements

Wı́sniewska

Wrzeszcz

Koter

2009

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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The kinetics of the oxidation of promazine (PMZ) by hydrogen peroxide was studied in the presence of a large excess of H 2 O 2 in acidic chloride media using UV-vis spectroscopy. The reaction proceeds via two consecutive steps. In the first step, oxidation leads to formation of a promazine radical. In the second step, the promazine radical is oxidized to promazine 5-oxide. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) results provide clear evidence for the formation of an intermediate promazine radical. Linear dependences of the pseudo-firstorder rate constants (k 1 and k 2 ) on [H 2 O 2 ] with a nonzero intercept were established for the first and the second process, respectively. The rate of the first stage of the reaction increased slightly with increasing concentration of O 2 , indicating the role of the OH • radicals on the redox process, which are transformed into the Cl −• 2 radicals. The mechanism of the overall reaction is discussed on the basis of all these kinetic measurements. C 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 42:

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Metal complexes of phenothiazine based pharmaceuticals: A study of their chemistry and biological effects

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Tuning the coordination properties of phenothiazine by regioselective introduction of diphenylphosphanyl groups

Tuning the coordination properties of phenothiazine by regioselective introduction of diphenylphosphanyl groups

New ruthenium(II) complexes with N-alkylphenothiazines: Synthesis, structure, in vivo activity as free radical scavengers and in vitro cytotoxicity

Formation of a promazine radical and promazine 5‐oxide in the reaction of promazine with hydrogen peroxide: Mechanistic insight from kinetic and EPR measurements

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