Metal (carbide)–carbon eutectics for thermometry and radiometry: a review of the first seven years

Woolliams, Emma; Machin, G.; Lowe, D.; Winkler, R.

doi:10.1088/0026-1394/43/6/r01

Cited by 126 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In practice, the presence of impurities in the eutectic material obscures the liquidus point. The point of inflection (POI) of the melting curve has been found to be a reproducible indicator of the melt temperature [8] and is being used in most studies.…”

Section: Measurement Of Melt Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The development and characterisation of high temperature fixed points at NMISA

Nel-Sakharova

2015

Int. J. Metrol. Qual. Eng.

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Abstract. Many National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) realise the spectral irradiance scale by obtaining traceability from a cryogenic radiometer through the use of calibrated filter radiometers. The filter radiometers are used to determine the temperature of a high temperature black body which is then used as a reference source, which spectral radiance can be determined from Planck's equation. The uncertainty of the temperature measurement makes the most significant contribution to the uncertainty of realising the spectral irradiance scale. High temperature fixed points (HTFPs), above the copper point, can be used to improve these uncertainties. After more than ten years of research, results obtained on metal-carbon eutectic fixed points by several NMIs, showed that these novel high temperature fixed points could lead to significant improvements in high temperature metrology and could be considered as potential fixed points in a future International Temperature Scale.This paper describes the development and characterisation of selected high temperature metal-carbon fixed points at NMISA. It is demonstrated that these fixed points can be utilised as reproducible, stable reference standards for temperatures above the copper point.

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Section: Measurement Of Melt Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The development and characterisation of high temperature fixed points at NMISA

Nel-Sakharova

2015

Int. J. Metrol. Qual. Eng.

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“…This has been followed by the Consultative Committee for Thermometry (CCT) to develop and improve the thermal and radiometric performance of metal (carbide)-carbon (M(C)-C) fixed points [6,7]. The efficacy of this method is part of a study that was made as well in the context the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP) joint project 'Implementing the new kelvin' (Ink) [8] was focused on preparing the temperature metrology community for a comprehensive and effective redefinition of the kelvin [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the system responsivity to measure the blackbody's temperature by optical pyrometry from 1200 K to 1570 K

Abbane

Achour

Touayar

2017

Int. J. Metrol. Qual. Eng.

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Abstract. This work presents a method that has been recently adopted in our laboratory to determine the temperatures of blackbody sources in the range of 1200-1570 K. The system uses a Double Monochromator System (DMS) based on a grating and a prism as dispersion elements. The detection element was a silicon photodiode (Si-MMA), over which the spectral range from 800 nm to 900 nm has been used. Between the blackbody source and the DMS was placed an optical system consists of two convergent lenses. The system responsivity "G " was determined by the transmission factor of the optical system and the transmission factor of the DMS and the photodiode responsivity. The obtained results showed that the relative uncertainty of the system responsivity "G " varied from 0.3% to 1.12%. This in turn resulted in a corresponding uncertainty in temperature of about 2.2 K and 4.5 K (k = 1) over the evaluated temperature range. Although this uncertainty level was significantly high compared to those obtained by many other national metrology institutes, it was considered as a step forward in our laboratory to measure high temperatures.

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“…Since metal-carbon eutectic materials were first suggested as potential high-temperature fixed points by Yamada et al [1] in 1999, a great deal of research has taken place internationally [2]. Cobaltcarbon eutectic fixed points are already being utilized to reduce the uncertainties in the calibration of thermocouples used in the heat treatment of turbine blades for the aerospace industry [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%