Metais pesados, agrotóxicos e combustíveis: efeito na população de colêmbolos no solo

Abstract

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento de colêmbolos no solo com diferentes níveis de metais pesados, combustíveis e agrotóxicos em condição de laboratório. Os tratamentos foram: Cádmio (1, 10 e 100mg kg-1 de solo); Cobre (50, 500 e 5000mg kg-1 de solo); Zinco (100, 1000 e 10000mg kg-1 de solo); fungicida epoxiconazol + piraclostrobina (1 e 2L ha-1); fungicida epoxiconazol (0,75 e 1,5L ha-1); herbicida glifosato (2 e 4L ha-1); óleo lubrificante queimado (5, 50 e 100mL kg-1 solo) e óleo diesel (5, 50 e 100mL kg-1 solo) e controle. Na dose de 1mg kg-1 de Cd no solo, houve grande aumento na população de colêmbolos e o pH do solo diminuiu à medida que aumentaram as doses de Cd, Zn e Cu no solo. Na presença de combustíveis, os colêmbolos apresentaram incapacidade de reprodução, independente da dose aplicada no solo. O número de colêmbolos apresentou incremento com o aumento da dosagem de glifosato e epoxiconazol. Os metais pesados Cu e Zn têm ação negativa sobre a população de colêmbolos e somente o Cd (1mg kg-1 solo) proporciona aumento na população de colêmbolos no solo. A presença de óleo lubrificante queimado e óleo diesel no solo inibem o desenvolvimento dos colêmbolos no solo. Os agrotóxicos glifosato, epoxiconazol e epoxiconazol + piraclostrobina não influenciam negativamente sobre a população de colêmbolos no solo.

Arthropod bioindicators of environmental quality

“…Some species are sensitive to soil contamination, others are favored by becoming abundant (SOCARRAS, 2013). Antoniolli et al (2013) confirmed the sensitivity of this group to contamination when evaluating the effect of heavy metals, agrochemicals and fuel on the soil Collembola population. The authors observed that the element cadmium (Cd) in low concentrations favored the reproduction of Collembola, and zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) negatively affected reproduction, possibly due to the reduction of the pH.…”

Soil mesoarthropods in areas of coal mining under environmental recovery

“…The leguminous tree species, such as Acacias, have the ability for symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi, which helps the absorption of nutrients and water (Mendes Filho et al, 2009). Thus, the association of the species A. mearnsii with these fungi may have favored the development of the Collembola group, which multiplies and grows quickly (Antoniolli et al, 2013). However, in the E. dunnii plantation in the non-mining area (T4), which presented the highest percentage of soil organic matter (3.2%) among the treatments, Collembola was the second most frequent group.…”

Population fluctuation in soil meso- and macrofauna by the successive application of pig slurry

“…Bandyopadhyaya et al (2002) found that the application of slurry caused an increase in the population of individuals of the Order Collembola. The high relative frequency of springtails is considered to be natural for this group of soil fauna (BELLINGER et al, 2015), and may well be an indirect effect of products added to the soil on the multiplication of fungi considered the main nutritional source of springtails (ANTONIOLLI et al, 2013;CASSAGNE;GERS;GAUQUELIN, 2003).…”

“…The population of the Collembola group was greater after the first application, reducing with later applications ( Figure 1B). Research has shown the negative action of Cu and Zn on the population of springtails (ANTONIOLLI et al, 2013), which is related to the toxic effects of the metals on the reproduction of these organisms (SANTORUFO et al, 2012). Ireson et al (2002) showed that an increase in the number of soil mites resulted in a reduction in the population of springtails.…”