Metagenomic Insight of a Full Scale Eco-Friendly Treatment System of Textile Dye Wastewater Using Bioaugmentation of the Composite Culture CES-1

Abstract

Effects of bioaugmentation of the composite microbial culture CES-1 on a full scale textile dye wastewater treatment process were investigated in terms of water quality, sludge reduction, dynamics of microbial community structures and their functional genes responsible for degradation of azo dye, and other chemicals. The removal efficiencies for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Nitrogen (T-N), Total Phosphorus (T-P), Suspended Solids (SS), and color intensity (96.4%, 78.4, 83.1, 84.4, and 92.0, respectively) 300–531 days after the augmentation were generally improved after bioaugmentation. The denitrification linked to T-N removal appeared to contribute to the concomitant COD removal that triggered a reduction of sludge (up to 22%) in the same period of augmentation. Azo dye and aromatic compound degradation and other downstream pathways were highly metabolically interrelated. Augmentation of CES-1 increased microbial diversity in the later stages of augmentation when a strong microbial community selection of Acinetobacterparvus, Acinetobacterjohnsonii, Marinobacter manganoxydans, Verminephrobacter sp., and Arcobacter sp. occurred. Herein, there might be a possibility that the CES-1 augmentation could facilitate the indigenous microbial community successions so that the selected communities made the augmentation successful. The metagenomic analysis turned out to be a reasonable and powerful tool to provide with new insights and useful biomarkers for the complex environmental conditions, such as the full scale dye wastewater treatment system undergoing bioaugmentation.

From Adsorbent to Photocatalyst: The Sensitization Effect of SnO2 Surface towards Dye Photodecomposition

“…Effluents from the dyeing, textile, and printing industries, due to their toxicity and carcinogenicity, pose a serious threat to human health and the environment [ 2 ]. It is estimated that about 70,000–105,000 tons of dyes are released into the environment annually [ 3 ]. The problem of dye-contaminated water has been addressed using various methods, such as biological treatment, membrane filtration, sorption processes, ion exchange, coagulation-flocculation, and catalytic oxidation [ 2 , 4 , 5 ].…”

Biodegradation, Decolorization, and Detoxification of Di-Azo Dye Direct Red 81 by Halotolerant, Alkali-Thermo-Tolerant Bacterial Mixed Cultures

“…Industrial application of the study results should prove useful in cost and time-efficient biological treatment of complex tanning and textile effluents that have high loads of organic matter, high temperature, salinity, and pH. Possible future use of mixtures of the three mixed cultures for the treatment of industrial wastewater in situ on small scale bioreactors followed by scaling up to large scale bioreactors then real effluent treatment tanks by putting together 27W, 28W, and 34W cultures would be useful to investigate for industrial applications [ 67 ]. Future studies investigating the gene expression of the mixed cultures based on transcriptomics techniques should prove useful [ 68 ].…”

Transcriptomic Analysis of Degradative Pathways for Azo Dye Acid Blue 113 in Sphingomonas melonis B-2 from the Dye Wastewater Treatment Process

“…A commercial microbial consortium product (CES-1) [24,25] from Bayo, Inc., Jinju, South Korea was acclimated to the azo dye AB113 (200 mg/L) carried in the dye wastewater obtained from a dye wastewater treatment plant in Daegu City, South Korea. Upon noticeable decolorization, while shaking at 120 rpm at room temperature for 6 days, various microorganisms were isolated on spread plates of tryptic soy agar (TSA).…”

“…Therefore, bioaugmentation, a biological treatment technology, has the potential to sustainably and efficiently bioremediate dye wastewater [4]. The addition of specific microorganisms has been shown to be more effective than using a consortium of non-specific functions because they are selectively designed for individual degradative bioprocesses [23][24][25]. Bacterial and yeast decolorization methods are widely used due to their high activity and adaptability [26].…”