Transcriptomic Analysis of Degradative Pathways for Azo Dye Acid Blue 113 in Sphingomonas melonis B-2 from the Dye Wastewater Treatment Process

Abstract

Background: Acid Blue 113 (AB113) is a typical azo dye, and the resulting wastewater is toxic and difficult to remove. Methods: The experimental culture was set up for the biodegradation of the azo dye AB113, and the cell growth and dye decolorization were monitored. Transcriptome sequencing was performed in the presence and absence of AB113 treatment. The key pathways and enzymes involved in AB113 degradation were found through pathway analysis and enrichment software (GO, EggNog and KEGG). Results: S. melonis B-2 achieved more than 80% decolorization within 24 h (50 and 100 mg/L dye). There was a positive relationship between cell growth and the azo dye degradation rate. The expression level of enzymes involved in benzoate and naphthalene degradation pathways (NADH quinone oxidoreductase, N-acetyltransferase and aromatic ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase) increased significantly after the treatment of AB113. Conclusions: Benzoate and naphthalene degradation pathways were the key pathways for AB113 degradation. NADH quinone oxidoreductase, N-acetyltransferase, aromatic ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase and CYP450 were the key enzymes for AB113 degradation. This study provides evidence for the process of AB113 biodegradation at the molecular and biochemical level that will be useful in monitoring the dye wastewater treatment process at the full-scale treatment.

Biodegradation, Decolorization, and Detoxification of Di-Azo Dye Direct Red 81 by Halotolerant, Alkali-Thermo-Tolerant Bacterial Mixed Cultures

“…Possible future use of mixtures of the three mixed cultures for the treatment of industrial wastewater in situ on small scale bioreactors followed by scaling up to large scale bioreactors then real effluent treatment tanks by putting together 27W, 28W, and 34W cultures would be useful to investigate for industrial applications [ 67 ]. Future studies investigating the gene expression of the mixed cultures based on transcriptomics techniques should prove useful [ 68 ].…”

Sustainable and Green Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles Supported on Natural Clays via Palm Waste Extract for Catalytic Oxidation of Crocein Orange G Mono Azoic Dye

“…The textile industries, specifically coloring operations, are responsible for releasing a considerable amount of color pollutants; these are expanding a significant source of natural contamination . Indeed, the release of many benzene rings included in the dyes poses a serious threat to the environment . Direct dyes, acid dyes, basic dyes, azoic dyes, and disperse dyes are examples of dyes that are carcinogenic.…”

“… 2 Indeed, the release of many benzene rings included in the dyes poses a serious threat to the environment. 3 Direct dyes, acid dyes, basic dyes, azoic dyes, and disperse dyes are examples of dyes that are carcinogenic. Moreover, dye-contaminated water creates other serious health problems and has a negative impact on the ecosystem even in minute levels.…”

Preparation and Superstrong Adsorption of a Novel La(Ⅲ)-Crosslinked Alginate/Modified Diatomite Macroparticle Composite for Anionic Dyes Removal from Aqueous Solutions

“…However, a small part of these dyes during production and use are inevitably discharged into water. The azo bonds (−N=N−) contained in these molecules are easily decomposed and reduced to produce a variety of carcinogenic aromatic amines under certain conditions, which not only harm human health, but also cause serious environmental pollution [ 2 ]. Therefore, dye wastewater must be effectively purified before discharge.…”

“…Therefore, dye wastewater must be effectively purified before discharge. Exploring and developing simple, economical and efficient treatment technologies for dye wastewater have become a research focus [ 2 , 3 ]. So far, many methods such as electrochemical, photocatalytic, biological oxidation, adsorption and other technologies have been used for the purification of dye effluent [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”