Metafroniter energy efficiency with CO 2 emissions and its convergence analysis for China

Assessment and Decomposition of Total Factor Energy Efficiency: An Evidence Based on Energy Shadow Price in China

“…Further research (Sheng et al [16]) found that the situation of total factor energy inefficiency in China has improved during the 15 years. The similar method has been adopted by Kaneko et al [18] and Li et al [13]. Although the non-parametric DEA has the advantage of envelope characteristics, it shows the limitation of excluding statistical noise.…”

“…Some researches [11][12][13] discussed multiple inputs and outputs based on the model of multiple input and single output. That means they combined undesirable outputs such as pollutant during production process into output system, which better simulated the byproducts in actual production process such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and other industrial wastes.…”

“…According to SBM model, energy efficiency is commonly lower than that regardless of bad output, which means energy efficiency in China is probable to be over-estimated. Moreover, Li et al [13] introduced a meta-frontier framework with the improved DDF to measure the meta-frontier energy efficiency with carbon dioxide emissions. The research indicated that the main reason for low energy efficiency in China is managerial failure in the east and west areas, and technological differences in middle part.…”

Green Development Performance in China: A Metafrontier Non-Radial Approach

“…Combining the SS-ML index and the meta-frontier analysis, Li and Lin [22] found that eastern China has the highest level of green development, followed by western China and central China.…”

Social Sustainability Assessment across Provinces in China: An Analysis of Combining Intermediate Approach with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Window Analysis

“…Undesirable Outputs Production Inputs [34] GDP SO 2 , COD, Nitrogen Labor, capital, energy, water [35] GDP CO 2 Labor, capital, energy [36] GDP CO 2 , SO 2 Labor, capital, coal, crude oil, natural gas [37] Industrial added value CO 2 Labor, capital, energy [38] GDP Labor, capital, energy [39] GDP Waste water, waste gas, solid waste Labor, capital, energy [40] Industrial added value CO 2 , SO 2 Labor, capital, energy [41] Industrial added value NO 2 Capital, electricity [26] GDP CO 2 Labor, capital, energy [42] GDP CO 2 , SO 2 Labor, capital, coal, electricity [4] GDP CO 2 Labor, capital, energy [43] GDP CO 2 Labor, capital, energy [44] GDP Solid waste Labor, capital, coal [45] GDP, primary secondary and tertiary industry PM 10 , SO 2 , NO 2 Coal, oil, gas, electricity, energy investment [46] Industrial added value Waste water, solid waste Labor, capital, coal [22] Industrial added value CO 2 Labor, capital, energy [47] GDP SO 2 , solid waste Labor, capital, energy [48] GDP CO 2 , SO 2 , COD Labor, capital, energy [49] GDP CO 2 , SO 2 , solid waste, industrial dust Labor, capital, energy [50] GDP CO 2 Labor, capital, energy [6] GDP CO 2 Labor, capital, energy [51] GDP CO 2 , SO 2 Labor, capital, energy [52] GDP SO 2 , waste water, solid waste Labor, capital, energy …”