Metacognition in psychosis: Comparison of schizophrenia with bipolar disorder

Metacognitive deficits predict future levels of negative symptoms in schizophrenia controlling for neurocognition, affect recognition, and self-expectation of goal attainment

“…Evidence supporting this notion includes findings from multiple studies demonstrating that unique deficits in metacognition have been detected in later and early phases of schizophrenia patients relative to persons with addictions (Lysaker et al, 2014a;, bipolar disorder (Tas et al, 2014), anxiety/depression (WeiMing et al, in press), PTSD (Lysaker et al, in press-a), prolonged medical conditions (Lysaker et al, 2014b), and healthy controls (Hasson-Ohayon et al, 2015). The severity of metacognitive deficits has also been linked to levels of concurrent (Lysaker et al, 2005;Nicolò et al, 2012;Rabin et al, 2014) and prospective negative symptoms .…”

Metacognition in Relation to Cognitive and Social Functioning in Schizophrenia

“…though poor metacognition is common in psychiatric disorders, it is thought that greater impairments in metacognition are unique to schizophrenia (Vohs et al, 2014). This is possibly partly due to greater cognitive impairment found in people with schizophrenia (Tas et al, 2014). A slight floor effect in the cognitive testing scores may have led to the absence of a relationship between severe cognitive dysfunction and metacognitive impairment in the current data.…”

“…A possible explanation for this link is that metacognition requires a certain level of cognitive performance. When cognition is disrupted, there may come a point when one can no longer make meaning of daily experiences nor frame a personal sense of self (Tas et al, 2014). However, cognitive performance does not fully predict metacognitive abilities, suggesting that adequate cognitive functioning may be a necessary but not sufficient prerequisite for metacognition (Lysaker & Buck, 2009).…”

“…Even though metacognitive deficits are also found in other psychiatric disorders, metacognition seems to be poorer in people with schizophrenia. Tas, Brown, Aydemir, Brüne, and Lysaker (2014) have found, for example, that understanding one's own mind is more impaired in people with schizophrenia than in people with bipolar disorder. Taken together, metacognition can be seen as a symptomatic hallmark of schizophrenia (Vohs et al, 2014).…”

Cognitive function in euthymic bipolar disorder (BP I) patients with a history of psychotic symptoms vs. schizophrenia

“…The recent resurgence of interest in the overlap between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder has led to several comparative studies on a range of cognitive functions, such as executive function and processing speed (Ancin et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2014;Krishnadas et al, 2014;Kuswanto et al, 2013), facial affect recognition (Yalcin-Siedentopf et al, 2014), cognitive control of gaze (Thakkar et al, 2015), or meta-cognition (Tas et al, 2014) and theory of mind (Caletti et al, 2013).…”