Metacognitive deficits predict future levels of negative symptoms in schizophrenia controlling for neurocognition, affect recognition, and self-expectation of goal attainment

Intrinsic motivation as a mediator between metacognition deficits and impaired functioning in psychosis

“…These findings are consistent with Bleuler's (1911/) formulation where he noted that individuals with psychosis experience a disturbance in associative processes that are needed to integrate information and ultimately to support meaningful goal‐directed behaviour. Further, our findings are consistent and build upon previous work that has found that deficits in metacognition are related to reduced intrinsic motivation (Tas et al ., ; Vohs & Lysaker, ), concurrent and prospective negative symptoms (Lysaker, Kukla, et al ., ; McLeod, Gumley, MacBeth, Schwannauer, & Lysaker, ), and functioning (cf., Brüne et al ., ; Lysaker, Erickson, et al ., ), as well as studies that have found that intrinsic motivation mediates the relationship between neurocognition and functioning (Gard et al ., ; Nakagami et al ., ) and psychiatric symptoms and functioning (Yamada et al ., ).…”

“…Additional evidence supporting this notion comes from several studies that have demonstrated links between deficits in metacognition and lower intrinsic motivation (Tas, Brown, Esen‐Danaci, Lysaker, & Brüne, ; Vohs & Lysaker, ) and negative symptoms (Hamm et al ., ; Lysaker, Kukla, et al ., ). Similarly, lower intrinsic motivation has been linked to reduced concurrent and prospective functioning (Fervaha, Zakzanis, et al ., ; Foussias et al ., , ; Saperstein, Fiszdon, & Bell, ).…”

Internalized stigma in adults with early phase versus prolonged psychosis

“…Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) (Kay, Fiszbein, & Opler, 1987), a 30-item rating scale that assesses overall, positive, negative, cognitive and emotional discomfort symptom subscales. In addition to use among those with prolonged psychosis (Luther et al, 2015;Lysaker, Bell, Bioty, & Zito, 1995), the PANSS has also been widely used in studies with those experiencing early phase psychosis (Emsley et al, 2003;Perkins, Gu, Boteva, & Lieberman, 2005), and good factor structure, internal consistency and construct validity has been established for each of the domains of symptoms included in our study (Bell, Lysaker, Milstein, & Beam-Goulet, 1994). In both the prolonged and early phase psychosis samples, the PANSS was administered by research assistants who had received training in PANSS administration and scoring and who had been trained to an inter-rater reliability of at least 0.7.…”

Entrenamiento en habilidades sociales orientado a la Metacognición (MOSST): Marco teórico, metodología de trabajo y descripción del tratamiento para pacientes con Esquizofrenia

“…Parece lógico suponer que para poder mejorar de manera efectiva las habilidades mentales que dan sentido a las interacciones sociales, es preciso practicarlas en contextos interpersonales reales, similares a los que viven cotidianamente los pacientes (Combs, Drake, y Basso, 2014). Por otro lado, a nivel teórico existe abundante evidencia que señala que los déficits sociales de la esquizofrenia se relacionan de forma más consistente con dificultades de comprensión e integración de los estados mentales propios y ajenos en situaciones interpersonales con alto contenido emocional, y no tanto con déficits neurocognitivos aislados (James et al, 2016;Lysaker et al, 2015).…”

“…Además de presentar problemas con ciertas habilidades sociales específicas, los pacientes con esquizofrenia tienen dificultades importantes para reflexionar sobre los pensamientos, emociones e intenciones propios y ajenos, así como para integrar esta información en representaciones amplias y complejas de uno mismo, los demás y el mundo (Barbato et al, 2015;Brekke, Hoe, Long, y Green, 2007;Inchausti, Ortuño-Sierra, Garcia-Poveda, y Ballesteros-Prados, 2016;Lysaker et al, 2015). Por este motivo, los pacientes con esquizofrenia se esfuerzan por dar sentido a los desafíos que la vida les presenta, percibirse como agentes activos del mundo o comprender de forma amplia y no egocéntrica sus relaciones sociales (Harvey y Penn, 2010).…”