Metabonomics in Diabetes Research

Faber, Johan H.; Malmodin, Daniel; Toft, Henrik; Maher, Anthony D.; Crockford, Derek J.; Holmes, Elaine; Nicholson, Jeremy K.; Dumas, Marc; Baunsgaard, Dorrit

doi:10.1177/193229680700100413

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…60 The most common analytical techniques used to characterize a microbial metabolome are MS and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), each one with its respective advantages and disadvantages: NMR is a non-destructive, non-selective and costeffective approach, while MS offers better sensitivity and, if coupled to separation techniques (as LC or gas chromatography), it is capable of detecting a broader range of molecules. 61,62 Specific issues concerning metametabolomics analysis are due to the non-uniformity of the molecules to be profiled (spanning a broad range of hydrophobicity and molecular weights) as well as to the impossibility to directly link the particular metabolite detected to a specific microbial taxonomy. 51,63 The application of a systems biology approach -comprising metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics and metametabolomics -to the study of the milk microbiota in the years to come is expected to provide a much wider and sharper picture of the functional activity of milk microbial communities, compared to the information that one would infer from the DNA sequence alone.…”

Section: Microbial Communities and The Milk Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

The bovine milk microbiota: insights and perspectives from -omics studies

Addis¹,

Tanca²,

et al. 2016

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Recent significant progress in culture-independent techniques, together with the parallel development of -omics technologies and data analysis capabilities, have led to a new perception of the milk microbiota as a complex microbial community with great diversity and multifaceted biological roles, living in an environment that was until recently believed to be sterile. In this review, we summarize and discuss the latest findings on the milk microbiota in dairy cows, with a focus on the role it plays in bovine physiology and health. Following an introduction on microbial communities and the importance of their study, we present an overview of the -omics methods currently available for their characterization, and outline the potential offered by a systems biology approach encompassing metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, and metametabolomics. Then, we review the recent discoveries on the dairy cow milk microbiome enabled by the application of -omics approaches. Learning from studies in humans and in the mouse model, and after a description of the endogenous route hypothesis, we discuss the role of the milk microbiota in the physiology and health of both the mother and the offspring, and report how it can be changed by farming practices and during infection. In conclusion, we shortly outline the impact of the milk microbiota on the quality of milk and of dairy products.

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Section: Microbial Communities and The Milk Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

The bovine milk microbiota: insights and perspectives from -omics studies

Addis¹,

Tanca²,

et al. 2016

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“…Consequently, the complexity of microbial–host exchanges may be reflected in the specific chemical signature of host circulating biofluids ( Nicholson et al, 2012 ). Metabolomics has recently attracted attention as the most suitable - omics technology for investigating complex, polygenic and multifactorial diseases with a strong metabolic etiology, such as obesity and T2D as well as the crosstalk of distinct predisposing factors in disease development and progression ( Faber et al, 2007 ; Llorach et al, 2012 ; Du et al, 2013 ; Kurland et al, 2013 ). Aimed at the comprehensive analysis of the low- molecular- weight compounds contained in a biological system –by definition, metabolites comprise a plethora of primary or secondary derivatives of the intermediate metabolism (molecular weight below 900 and 2000 Dalton, depending on sources; Beckonert et al, 2010 ; Psychogios et al, 2011 ; Hadacek, 2015 ) metabolomics represents a powerful tool for exploring the crosstalk between the microbial and host metabolism in a more exhaustive fashion.…”

Section: The Metabolomic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both technologies have their advantages and disadvantages. 1 H-NMR implies a non-destructive, non-selective, cost-effective, and relatively sensitive analysis while, compared to 1 H-NMR, MS mainly offers potential advantages in terms of sensitivity and, if coupled to different separation techniques such as LC or GC, it provides a means of detecting a broader and complementary range of biomarkers ( Faber et al, 2007 ). LC coupled to electrospray ionization MS is becoming the method of choice for the acquisition of profiling metabolites in complex biological samples ( Scalbert et al, 2009 ) through both targeted (i.e., triple quadrupole-driven) and non-targeted (e.g., quadrupole time-of-flight-, linear trap quadrupole orbitrap-driven) approaches.…”

Section: The Metabolomic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic insights into the intricate gut microbial–host interaction in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes

et al. 2015

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Gut microbiota has recently been proposed as a crucial environmental factor in the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, mainly due to its contribution in the modulation of several processes including host energy metabolism, gut epithelial permeability, gut peptide hormone secretion, and host inflammatory state. Since the symbiotic interaction between the gut microbiota and the host is essentially reflected in specific metabolic signatures, much expectation is placed on the application of metabolomic approaches to unveil the key mechanisms linking the gut microbiota composition and activity with disease development. The present review aims to summarize the gut microbial–host co-metabolites identified so far by targeted and untargeted metabolomic studies in humans, in association with impaired glucose homeostasis and/or obesity. An alteration of the co-metabolism of bile acids, branched fatty acids, choline, vitamins (i.e., niacin), purines, and phenolic compounds has been associated so far with the obese or diabese phenotype, in respect to healthy controls. Furthermore, anti-diabetic treatments such as metformin and sulfonylurea have been observed to modulate the gut microbiota or at least their metabolic profiles, thereby potentially affecting insulin resistance through indirect mechanisms still unknown. Despite the scarcity of the metabolomic studies currently available on the microbial–host crosstalk, the data-driven results largely confirmed findings independently obtained from in vitro and animal model studies, putting forward the mechanisms underlying the implication of a dysfunctional gut microbiota in the development of metabolic disorders.

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“…There are many targeted and untargeted metabolites profiling techniques capable of quantifying polar metabolites and molecular lipids present in biological samples, such as blood, urine and feces [ 15 ]. The most prevalent analytical techniques applied for the determination of the metabolic profile of a biological sample are liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota-derived metabolites in obesity: a systematic review

Ejtahed

Soroush

Hasani‐Ranjbar

et al. 2020

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health

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Recent evidence suggests that gut microbiota-derived metabolites affect many biological processes of the host, including appetite control and weight management. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome in obesity influences the metabolism and excretion of gut microbiota byproducts and consequently affects the physiology of the host. Since identification of the gut microbiota-host co-metabolites is essential for clarifying the interactions between the intestinal flora and the host, we conducted this systematic review to summarize all human studies that characterized the gut microbiota-related metabolites in overweight and obese individuals. A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases yielded 2137 articles documented up to July 2018. After screening abstracts and full texts, 12 articles that used different biosamples and methodologies of metabolic profiling and fecal microbiota analysis were included. Amino acids and byproducts of amino acids, lipids and lipid-like metabolites, bile acids derivatives, and other metabolites derived from degradation of carnitine, choline, polyphenols, and purines are among the gut microbiota-derived metabolites which showed alterations in obesity. These metabolites play an important role in metabolic complications of obesity, including insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. The results of this study could be useful in development of therapeutic strategies with the aim of modulating gut microbiota and consequently the metabolic profile in obesity.

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Metabonomics in Diabetes Research

Cited by 23 publications

References 65 publications

The bovine milk microbiota: insights and perspectives from -omics studies

The bovine milk microbiota: insights and perspectives from -omics studies

Metabolomic insights into the intricate gut microbial–host interaction in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes

Gut microbiota-derived metabolites in obesity: a systematic review

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