Metabolomics reveals that phenolamides are the main chemical components contributing to the anti-tyrosinase activity of bee pollen

Phenolamide extract of apricot bee pollen alleviates glucolipid metabolic disorders and modulates the gut microbiota and metabolites in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

“…22 At present, research on the biological activity of phenolamides is still at the infancy stage, particularly in vivo research on the biological activity of polyamine conjugated phenolamides. The phenolamides in bee pollen have been reported to have promising antioxidant, 23 antifungal, 24 anti-tyrosinase, 25 and diuretic activities, 26 but their anti-obesity activity is poorly understood, especially their effects on the gut microbiota and metabolites. Since bee pollen contains a variety of phenolamides, it is important to study the structural characteristics and regulatory effects of phenolamides in bee pollen on obesity-related glucolipid metabolic disorders, as well as their effects on the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles to understand the role of phenolamides in alleviating obesity.…”

“…Our previous study has analyzed the components in bee pollen of different varieties and found that apricot bee pollen has abundant phenolamides. 25 In this study, we extracted and identified phenolamides from apricot bee pollen, and used the phenolamide extract (PAE) for intervention in HFD-fed mice for 12 weeks. We investigated the effects of PAE on body weight, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, liver function, and pathology of liver and adipose tissue in HFD-fed mice.…”

New Insights into Identification, Distribution, and Health Benefits of Polyamines and Their Derivatives

“…10,11 With the continuous finding of CPAs in food, there has been a growing recognition and reporting of their functional properties, especially antiprostatitis 12 and antityrosinase. 13 Based on the numerous benefits of polyamines for human health, Europe has initiated clinical trials on some polyamines, and the global market for polyamines is expected to expand significantly if scientific evidence is sufficiently provided. Noteworthily, there are significant variations in the types and levels of polyamines in different foods, leading to different health benefits.…”

“…PAs confer various health benefits. As the most widely recognized FPA, spermidine is hailed as the “antiaging vitamin” by activating cellular autophagy. , According to Swedish Nutrition Recommendations, the daily amount of spermidine is recommended as approximately 30 mg for males and 25 mg for females. , With the continuous finding of CPAs in food, there has been a growing recognition and reporting of their functional properties, especially antiprostatitis and antityrosinase . Based on the numerous benefits of polyamines for human health, Europe has initiated clinical trials on some polyamines, and the global market for polyamines is expected to expand significantly if scientific evidence is sufficiently provided.…”

NMR and HPLC profiling of bee pollen products from different countries

“…In Japan, bee pollen has been imported for over 30 years and has become known as a health food. Researchers have analyzed its constituents to comprehensively map its nutritional benefits ( Costa et al, 2019 , Gonçalves et al, 2018 , Xue et al, 2012 , Zhang et al, 2022 , Zhang et al, 2022 ).…”