Metabolomics analysis reveals insights into biochemical mechanisms of mental stress-induced left ventricular dysfunction

Abstract

Mental stress induced left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) has been associated with a greater risk of adverse events in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients independent of conventional risk indicators. The underlying biochemical mechanisms of this cardiovascular condition are poorly understood. Our objective was to use metabolomics technology to identify biochemical changes that co-occur with mental stress-induced LVD in patients with clinically stable CHD. Participants were adult CHD patients who were recruited for mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia screening. For this study, we randomly selected 30 patients representing the extremes of the mental stress-induced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) change distribution; 15 who showed LVD (i.e. LVEF reduction ≥5) and 15 who showed a normal left ventricular response (NLVR; i.e. a LVEF increase of ≥5) to three mental stressors. An electrochemistry based metabolomics platform was used to profile pre- and post-stress serum samples yielding data for 22 known compounds, primarily within the tyrosine, tryptophan, purine and methionine pathways. There were significant stress-induced changes in several compounds. A comparison between the NLVR and LVD groups showed significant effects for kynurenine (p = .036, N-acetylserotonin (p = .054), uric acid (p = .015), tyrosine (p = .019) and a trend for methionine (p = .065); the NLVR group showed a significantly greater stress-induced reduction in all of those compounds compared to the LVD group. Many of these biochemicals have been implicated in other stress-related phenomena and are plausible candidates for mechanisms underlying LVD in response to mental stress.

A Comparative Metabolomics Approach Reveals Early Biomarkers for Metabolic Response to Acute Myocardial Infarction

“…During periods of oxidative stress, mitochondria become less capable in converting ADP to ATP. This results in ADP to be shunted to the production of hypoxanthine which is associated with an increase of uric acid35, as observed in STEMI patients (Fig. 3B).…”

Isolation of Vaginal Lactobacilli and Characterization of Anti-Candida Activity

“…The signals were assigned by comparing their chemical shift and multiplicity with Chenomx software data bank (Chenomx Inc., Canada, ver 8.02). Literature on previous quantitative investigations conducted with the same technique reports a precision error below 2% [ 36 ].…”

Pathways of Association from Stress to Obesity in Early Childhood

“…Finally, researchers have also begun to examine the metabolome, or the detailed profile of metabolites in the body, in relation to stress in animals and, to some degree, in humans, with some evidence for metabolome differences related to psychosocial stress and obesity . The very few studies to consider this in children have found some differences between children with obesity and lean children (e.g., amino acid patterns ) but also yielded mixed results .…”