Metabolomic Profiling Elucidated by 1H- NMR and the Correlation with Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of (Cyperus rotundus L) Fermented by Lactic Acid Bacteria

Abstract

Cyperus rotundus (Family Cyperaceae) is used as a natural drug with low cost by different local tribes in the Middle East. In this study, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the fermented C. rotundus extract was determined using different assays including DPPH and FRAP, and antibacterial activity. the 1 H-NMR analysis was carried out for the profiling of bioactive metabolites in the fermented C. rotundus extract. The results demonstrated strong antioxidant activity for DPPH (49.08 µg/mL) and for FRAP (46.95 mmol Fe (II)/g). The 1 H-NMR-based metabolomics analysis showed the presence of 19 metabolites including lactic acid, alanine, acetic acid, succinic acid, pyruvic acid, citric acid, choline, beta glucose, betaine, acetoacetate, caffeine, lysine, ascorbic acid, fructose, xylose, alpha Glucose, sucrose, anserine and fumaric acid. The identified metabolites were in correlation to the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity measured. This study indicated the high potential of the C. rotundus fermented extract for natural remedy applications.

Cyperus rotundus cyperaceae: a study of phytochemistry, total polyphenol content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity

“…The results were very promising when the antioxidant activity was directly proportional to the anticancer activity with ranged from 4.52 ± 0.57 to 9.85 ± 0.68 μg ml. According to a study by Kadum in 2019 in Iraq, Cyperus rotundus extract after fermentation was demonstrated stronger antioxidant activity for DPPH (49.08 µg/mL) and FRAP (46.95 mmol Fe(II)/g) [17].…”

Cyperus spp.: A Review on Phytochemical Composition, Biological Activity, and Health‐Promoting Effects

“…Using electron microscopy, it was observed that the combined treatment induced damages to the peptidoglycans and cell membrane, generating an increase in membrane permeability and revealing an inhibitory activity against β -lactamase [ 114 ]. Another study found that the fermented extracts of C. rotundus inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa , B. subtilis , and E. coli [ 115 ]. For such reasons, these extracts may be conceived as a natural remedy against infections caused by pathogenic bacteria.…”

Journal of Plant Protection Research

“…Exposure to some OPs has been associated with the possible development of cancer (Adeyinka and Pierre 2020). Fenitrothion residues persist a long time in the environment after application, and are subject to different types of degradation, including photolysis, hydrolysis, and biological degradation (Lacorte and Barcelo 1994; Kadum 2019). Sufficient information exists to characterize fenitrothion as highly toxic to honeybees (Thomson 1982; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1987; Kidd and James 1991).…”