Metabolomic Profiling and Antioxidant, Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activities of Hyphaene thebaica

Abstract

This study investigated the metabolic content and biological activities of Hyphaene thebaica leaves, male parts and fruits methanolic extracts. The phytochemical constituents were determined, and multivariate data analysis discriminated the evaluated three parts into three groups according to the content of phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols, saponins, anthocyanins and tannins. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiling of polyphenols revealed the dominance of catechins, rutin and apigenin-7-glucosides in leaves, protocatechuin, p-hydroxybenzoic, syringic, vanillic, rosmarinic, p-coumaric acids and chrysin in male parts, and chlorogenic acid in fruits. Leaves and male parts showed stronger free radical scavenging activity than the fruits. Positive correlations between total antioxidant capacity and carbohydrates, phenolics and flavonols were observed. The three extracts exhibited potent anti-cancer activity against liver and lung carcinoma cell lines. All extracts exhibited antibacterial activity, while only fruits showed antifungal efficacy. In conclusion, H. thebaica leaves, male parts and fruits contain a variety of phytochemicals with antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial activities.

Metabolomic Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Trigonella hamosa

“…Flavonoids, saponins, anthocyanins and proteins showed significant differences between the two Trigonella species. Generally, there is a correlation between total antioxidant capacity and total phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins in different plants (Reyes et al, 2005;Hu¨lya Orak, 2007;Sathishkumar et al, 2008;Hamouz et al, 2011;Basar et al, 2013;Abdel-Farid et al, 2014;Atito et al, 2019;Taha et al, 2020). In our study, Trigonella species have high concentrations of proteins, saponins, flavonoids and anthocyanins.…”

“…This activity might be due to the high concentrations of saponins, flavonoids and anthocyanins in Trigonella seeds. Generally, TAC and DPPH radical scavenging are highly correlated with the content of total phenolics (Hassas-Roudsari et al, 2009;Dragović-Uzelac et al, 2010;Basar et al, 2013;Atito et al, 2019;Korat Avni et al, 2019;Taha et al, 2020). TAC in Trigonella species in this study has no correlation with the content of total phenolics.…”

Chrysin: Perspectives on Contemporary Status and Future Possibilities as Pro-Health Agent

“…The most recent research also confirms the presence of chrysin in Diaphragma juglandis fructus, walnut pellicle, the flowers of Juglans regia (common walnut) [24], the leaves and fruits of doum palms (Hyphaene thebaica) [25] and also the peel of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims), where it is found in the form of glycoside (chrysin-8-C-(2"-O-β-6-deoxyglucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside, 0.35 mg kg −1 ) [26]. Chrysin was also identified in the medicinal herb Banxia Xiexin used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, where it is present in the form of 6-C-arabinoside-8-C-glucoside or as a glucuronic acid ester, i.e., chrysin-7-O-glucuronide [27].…”

“…Manuka honey 0.131 mg/100 g [20] Propolis extract Acetone: 14.62 mg g −1 70% EtOH: 18.64 mg g −1 96% EtOH: 11.41 mg g −1 [21] Diaphragma juglandis fructus Up to 40 µg g −1 [24] Hyphaene thebaica 0.083 mg g −1 [25] Chaetomium globosum 13% [29] Cytisus villosus 4 mg kg −1 [30] Because of the therapeutic properties of chrysin, research has been undertaken on its production in the hairy roots of plants, for example, Scutellaria bornmuelleri, obtained by genetic modification with the help of Agrobacterium rhizogenes [32]. The nutraceutical properties of plants rich in antiradical metabolites, including chrysin, encourage researchers to seek other methods of synthesis of such compounds, for example, using callus cell cultures obtained from different parts of the plants [33].…”

Phytochemical Analysis of the Desert Date Balanites aegyptiaca

“…Three species were separated from each other according to the metabolome of each species and also the antioxidant capacity of their extracts. Recently, differentiation between different parts of the same plant was evaluated using metabolomic data and TAC obtained from spectrophotometer (Taha et al, 2020). These types of studies may open an avenue for more metabolomic studies using spectrophotometer data combined with MVDA.…”