Metabolities from Marine Sponges of the Genus Callyspongia: Occurrence, Biological Activity, and NMR Data

Abstract

The genus Callyspongia (Callyspongiidae) encompasses a group of demosponges including 261 described species, of which approximately 180 have been accepted after taxonomic reviews. The marine organisms of Callyspongia are distributed in tropical ecosystems, especially in the central and western Pacific, but also in the regions of the Indian, the West Atlantic, and the East Pacific Oceans. The reason for the interest in the genus Callyspongia is related to its potential production of bioactive compounds. In this review, we group the chemical information about the metabolites isolated from the genus Callyspongia, as well as studies of the biological activity of these compounds. Through NMR data, 212 metabolites were identified from genus Callyspongia (15 species and Callyspongia sp.), belonging to classes such as polyacetylenes, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, polyketides, simple phenols, phenylpropanoids, nucleosides, cyclic peptides, and cyclic depsipeptides. A total of 109 molecules have been reported with bioactive activity, mainly cytotoxic and antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) action. Thus, we conclude that polyacetylenes, terpenoids and steroids correspond to the largest classes of compounds of the genus, and that future research involving the anticancer action of the species’ bioactive metabolites may become relevant.

Callyspongia spp.: Secondary Metabolites, Pharmacological Activities, and Mechanisms

“…Thus, an antagonist of this receptor may inhibit the secretion of these cytokines ( Figure 7 ). Furthermore, it can inhibit allograft rejection [ 87 ], sterile liver inflammation [ 88 ], and can potentially treat inflammatory diseases, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [ 28 , 37 ].…”

“…A total of 212 compounds have been isolated from Callyspongia spp. and their structures and bioactivities have been presented [ 28 ].…”

Marine natural products

“…502 Reviews of MNPs from Indonesia and Tonga have focussed predominately upon sponge-derived compounds. 503,504 The chemistry of the sponge family Hymedesmiidae, 505 and the genera Callyspongia, 506 Latrunculia, 507 Petrosia, 508 Phorbas, 509 and Reniera, 510 has been reviewed. Sponge alkaloids, primarily those with cytotoxic activity, that were published between 1987-2020 have been reviewed, 511 as have sponge-derived compounds with antimalarial/antiprotozoal activity.…”

Computational Metabolomics Tools Reveal Subarmigerides, Unprecedented Linear Peptides from the Marine Sponge Holobiont Callyspongia subarmigera

“…The identification of the putative seven additional peptides was obtained according to their fragmentations, compared with the linear heptapeptide 1 (Table 3). To further clarify the occurrence of subarmigeride A (1), its MS/MS spectrum was queried across all public GNPS datasets [12] using the recently introduced metabolomics tool MASST [7]. Interestingly, among the matched datasets, some analogous compounds occurred in the cyanobacteria genera such as Synechocystis (Synechocystis sp.…”

“…Remarkably, a unique molecular family, containing 56 related nodes, seemed entirely restricted to the Callyspongia genus (Figure S1B), and the MS/MS fragmentations suggested the presence of linear peptides. This observation stimulated our interest as, so far, the Callyspongia genus is only known for its cyclic peptides [7]. For this reason and despite no biological activities being observed in the crude extract, the compound at m/z 857.4914 belonging to the species Callyspongia subarmigera (Cladochalina) was isolated in regard to its HPLC profile.…”