Metabolites from Two Dominant Thermophilic Fungal Species Thermomyces lanuginosus and Scytalidium thermophilum

Abstract

Thermomyces lanuginosus and Scytalidium thermophilum are among the most ubiquitous thermophilic fungi in compost and soil. Chemical study on these two prevalent strains collected from Yunnan led to isolation of 23 metabolites, including one new metabolite, therlanubutanolide, and 15 known compounds, isolated from the YGP culture broth of Thermomyces lanuginosus and 7 known compounds isolated from Scytalidium thermophilum, respectively. Therlanubutanolide shared the quite similar features of the same carbon skeleton and saturation as natural hexadecanoic acids. This was the first reported discovery of such a lactone as natural occurring metabolite. All the compounds were reported for the first time from thermophilic fungi. Among them, N-[(2S,3R,4E,8E)-1,3-dihydroxy-9-methyloctadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl]acetamide was for the first time reported to be a naturally occurring metabolite and its NMR data was first provided in this study. A type of PKS-derived metabolites, three 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-ones, which were widely found in plant pathogenic fungi as phytotoxins and reported to have antimicrobial activity, were obtained from both dominant thermophilic fungi. The frequent occurrence of such PKS phytotoxins in these two thermophilic fungi might suggest particular ecological interest.

Sustainable Production of Lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus: Process Optimization and Enzyme Characterization

“…Recently, the isolation of a total of 23 metabolites obtained from T. lanuginosus was discussed by Niu et al (2020) . The same behavior was noted by many authors, and the protease activity was considered to be the main reason for lipase inhibition .…”

The Novel Compounds with Biological Activity Derived from Soil Fungi in the Past Decade

“…D-1 London Island of Kongsfjorden, Arctic Antibacterial activity; Cytotoxicity [ 146 ] 469*, 470* Pochoniolides A-B Pochonia chlamydosporia var. spinulospora FKI-7537 Niijima, Tokyo, Japan Antioxidant activity [ 147 ] 471*, 472*, 473* Aspersclerolides A-C Aspergillus Sclerotiorum Shangdong Province, China Cytotoxic activity (471*, 473*); Antibacterial activity (472*, 473*) [ 116 ] 474 (±)-Aspersclerolide D 475–476 Botryosphaerilactones D-E Lasiodiplodia theobromae NSTRU-PN1.4 Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand - [ 148 ] 477 Therlanubutanolide A Thermomyces lanuginosus Yunnan Province, China - [ 149 ] 478* 6-ethoxy-5,6-dihydropenillic acid Penicillium sp. BF-0343 Fuji Cemetery, Shizuoka, Japan Inhibited BMP-induced ALP activity [ 150 ] 479 Ilyoresorcy A Ilyonectria sp.…”

“… 148 One new metabolite, therlanubutanolide A 477 ( Figure 7C ), was isolated from the YGP culture broth of Thermomyces lanuginosus . 149 During screening for microbial regulators of bone metabolism, a new compound, 6-ethoxy-5,6-dihydropenillic acid 478 ( Figure 7B ), was isolated from the culture broth of the soil-derived fungus Penicillium sp. BF-0343.…”

Plant-Microbe Interactions under the Extreme Habitats and Their Potential Applications

“…In high temperatures, the metabolism and physiology of extremophiles are adversely affected, and the microbial enzymes promote high-temperature acclimatization and protection of cell structure and integrity via increased expression of heat-tolerant proteins [ 8 ]. Several fungal species have been isolated from hot habitats and comprise Talaromyces thermophilus , T. byssochlamydoides , Malbranchea cinnamomea , Aspergillus terreus , Myceliophthora fergusii , Thermomyces lanuginosus [ 125 ], Myceliophthora thermophila [ 126 ], Scytalidium thermophilum [ 127 ], and others [ 128 ]. The fungal communities protect the plant by performing several functions, which include P, potassium (K), and Zn solubilization, phytohormone production, and siderophore production for plant adaptation and survival [ 84 , 95 , 96 ].…”