Metabolite profiling, distribution of secretory structures, and histochemistry in Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. and Curculigo latifolia Dryand. ex W.T.Aiton

Abstract

Curculigo orchioides and Curculigo latifolia (Hypoxidaceae) have been widely used as traditional medicines in Indonesia and other Asian countries for antihyperglycemic, aphrodisiac, antioxidant, and antimicrobial treatments. This work aimed to determine the distribution of secretory structures and metabolites. Metabolite profiling approach of the plant organs was determined by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS. Histochemical-based techniques on rhizome, root, petiole, and leaf, with transversal sections on fresh samples, were prepared using a razor blade to determine the secretory structures of the plants, followed by plant anatomy procedures. Histochemical analysis was carried out using several reagents to detect the metabolites. Metabolite profiling revealed several classes of compounds, i.e. phenolics, alkaloids, terpenes, essential oils, and lipophilic. Secretory cavities and idioblast cells, were detected in both species and localize a diverse metabolites. Additionally to the specialized structures, hypodermis, epidermis, intercellular spaces, and cuticle also contain some of those compounds. The secretory structures spread over the different organs. This discovery may be useful to distinguish particular organs as medicine source, which does not only depend on the availability of rhizome. The secretory structures and the chemical compounds of the two species, described herein for the first time, can be used further in plant identification purposes based on chemical markers.

Karakterisasi Tiga Tumbuhan Obat Antihiperkolesterolemia dengan Pendekatan Berbasis Profil Anatomi, Histokimia, dan Fitokimia

“…Sayatan sampel kemudian direndam/ditetesi dengan pewarna kombinasi metilen biru (1%) dan azur (1%), serta Safranin O sekitar 1 menit, selanjutnya diletakkan di atas kaca preparat yang sudah ditetesi air:gliserin (1:1 v/v) kemudian ditutup menggunakan kaca penutup. Sampel diamati menggunakan mikroskop (Olympus CX23) dan pengambilan gambar menggunakan OptiLab Viewer ® ver: 2.1 (Umar et al, 2021b).…”

“…Pengujian terpenoid dilakukan dengan merendam sayatan sampel dalam pereaksi tembaga asetat 5% selama 3-5 menit. Terbentuknya warna kuning atau kuning kecoklatan, mengindikasikan positif terpenoid (Martin et al, 2002;Umar et al, 2021b).…”

“…Hasil positif ditandai dengan adanya noda berfluoresensi jingga (Banu dan Nagarajan, 2014). Fenolik dengan pereaksi besi (III) klorida 5%, hasil positif ditandai dengan noda berwarna hitam (Banu dan Nagarajan, 2014;Umar et al, 2021b).…”

“…Penampang melintang akar dengan sel idioblast pada M. oleifera (Gambar 6a), M. calabura (Gambar 6b) dan A. muricata (Gambar 6c). Idioblas merupakan sel tunggal dengan bentuk yang berbeda dari sel-sel tetangganya, baik dari segi ukuran, ontogeni, dan metabolisme (Coelho et al, 2012;Umar et al, 2021b).…”

Morphology, anatomy, and histochemistry of three species of Jatropha: a contribution to plant recognition and selection

“…Secretory structures, like glandular trichomes, idioblasts, secretory cavities, ducts, and laticifers, are also of scientific interest. These are the main production locations for chemicals of commercial value, such as phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids, essential oils, and lipophilic compounds (de Almeida et al 2020;Pessoa et al 2021;Umar et al 2021). With the exception of trichomes, products of commercial value are typically produced in the specific internal tissues.…”