2009
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2008.11.014
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Metabolite changes and gender differences in schizophrenia using 3-Tesla proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS)

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Cited by 98 publications
(108 citation statements)
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“…Altered glutamatergic neurotransmission leads to altered levels of glutamine, glutamate and most notably of glutamine-to-glutamate ratio, as observed in 1 H NMR spectra from anterior brain areas of schizophrenia patients (Shirayama et al, 2010;Bustillo et al, 2009;Tayoshi et al, 2009;Lutkenhoff et al, 2008), and similar observations have been reported in experimental models of schizophrenia. A recent study reported elevated glutamine to glutamate ratio and changed energy metabolism in prefrontal cortex of rats with NMDA receptor hypofunction, a rodent model that mimics schizophrenia symptoms (Iltis et al, 2009).…”
Section: Schizophreniasupporting
confidence: 73%
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“…Altered glutamatergic neurotransmission leads to altered levels of glutamine, glutamate and most notably of glutamine-to-glutamate ratio, as observed in 1 H NMR spectra from anterior brain areas of schizophrenia patients (Shirayama et al, 2010;Bustillo et al, 2009;Tayoshi et al, 2009;Lutkenhoff et al, 2008), and similar observations have been reported in experimental models of schizophrenia. A recent study reported elevated glutamine to glutamate ratio and changed energy metabolism in prefrontal cortex of rats with NMDA receptor hypofunction, a rodent model that mimics schizophrenia symptoms (Iltis et al, 2009).…”
Section: Schizophreniasupporting
confidence: 73%
“…For example, impaired neurotransmission and excitotoxicity after an ischemic insult lead to transient glutamate decrease and glutamine accumulation Lei et al, 2009). In line with this idea, disturbed glutamatergic neurotransmission in anterior regions of the schizophrenic brain leads to altered levels of glutamine, glutamate and most notably of glutamine to glutamate ratio, as observed in clinical 1 H NMR spectroscopy studies (Bustillo et al, 2009;Lutkenhoff et al, 2008;Shirayama et al, 2010;Tayoshi et al, 2009).…”
Section: Neurotransmitter Metabolismmentioning
confidence: 65%
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“…For example, impaired neurotransmission and excitotoxicity after an ischemic insult lead to transient glutamate decrease and glutamine accumulation (Berthet et al, 2011;Lei et al, 2009). In line with this idea, disturbed glutamatergic neurotransmission in schizophrenia leads to altered levels of glutamine, glutamate, and most notably of Gln/Glu, as observed in translational and clinical 1 H MRS studies (Bustillo et al, 2009;Hashimoto et al, 2005;Lutkenhoff et al, 2008;Shirayama et al, 2010;Tayoshi et al, 2009). …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 67%
“…These results did not appear related to a more ventral [23][24][25] or dorsal frontal placement. [26][27][28][29][30] However, the quality of the spectral fits is not always clear in these reports (except for [27][28][29] ) and the samples were small (9 to 30 for the schizophrenia groups 6 ). More recent studies reported increases, [31][32][33][34][35] reductions 25,[36][37][38] and no differences 39 in Glx or glutamate.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%