Metabolism of parathion by two species of Rhizobium

Mick, David Lee

doi:10.31274/rtd-180813-3295

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…A soil fungus, Trichoderma viride, degraded several insecticides including parathion (MATSUMURA and BOUSH 1968). Cultures of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Rhizobium iaponicum and R. meliloti, produced aminoparathion as the major metabolite and p-nitrophenol as a minor metabolite (MICK and DAHM 1970). Recently, RAO and SETHUNATHAN (1974) found that parathion was converted to aminoparathion and certain water-soluble metabolite ( s) by a fungus, Penicillium waksmanii, isolated from a Hooded acid suHate saline soil.…”

Section: B) Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathion: Residues in soil and water

Sethunathan

Siddaramappa

Rajaram

et al. 1977

Residues of Pesticides and Other Contaminants in the Total Environment

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Section: B) Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathion: Residues in soil and water

Sethunathan

Siddaramappa

Rajaram

et al. 1977

Residues of Pesticides and Other Contaminants in the Total Environment

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“…About 10% of the parathion was hydrolysed to DEPTA (O,O-diethyl phosphorothioic acid) (MICK and DAHM 1970). Both aminoparathion and DEPTA have negligible toxicity compared with parathion.…”

Section: Soil Microbial Degradation Of Insecticides A) Evidence mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between insecticides and soil microbes

Tu¹,

Miles²

1976

Residue Reviews

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“…The inhibitory compound was identified as paraoxon, based on evidence from paperchromatography, absorption spectra, and rates of hydrolysis in alkaline solution. Concurrently, Metcalf and March (1953) Recently the metabolism of parathion by two species of Rhizobium, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, was described as being primarily nitro-reduction with about 10% of the parathion converted to DEPTA (Mick and Dahm 1970).…”

Section: Metabolism Of Parathionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and cytological aspects of in vitro metabolism of parathion by rat liver cell fractions

Hybertson

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Signature was redacted for privacy.Signature was redacted for privacy.Signature was redacted for privacy. 1 Biochemical and cytological aspects of in vitro metabolism of parathion by rat liver cell fractions Ronald Lee Hybertson Under the supervision of P. A. Dahm This study presents a combined biochemical and cytological study of the in vitro metabolism of the organophosphate insecticide parathion by hepatic cell fractions of the laboratory rat. The cytological work in cludes an electron microscopical examination of liver homogenate and centrifugally prepared debris, mitochondrial, crude microsomal, rough micro somal, and smooth microsomal fractions. The biochemical work includes an analysis of the in vitro metabolism of parathion by gas-liquid chromato graphy, thin-layer chromatography, and liquid scintillation spectrometry. Protein determinations were made on each cell fraction, and RNA content of the microsomal fractions was determined and used in conjunction with electron microscopy to assess the purity of the rough and smooth micro somes. The effects of varying several incubation parameters on parathion metabolism by crude microsomes were examined. Regression analyses and analysis of variance tests were performed on these results. A comparison of the enzymatic activity by the six cell fractions showed the highest specific activity in the smooth microsomal fraction. The mean smooth microsometrough microsome response ratio for both paraoxon production and aqueous metabolite production was 1.4:1. After adjusting 2 the nitrogen level in the specific activity calculations to exclude the contribution by the ribosomal component, the ratio was 1.2:1. Specific activity differences as a function of the resuspension of crude microsomal pellets in several different aqueous solutions were not significant. The cesium chloride employed in the subfractionation of microsomes did not affect activity. An incubation mixture pH of 7.5 was optimal for parathion metabolism and maximal enzymatic activity occurred around the physiological temperatures of the rat (34.5-40.0 C). The specific activity of crude microsomes decreased with increasing microso mal concentration over a range of 0.3-3.1 mg protein/ml incubation mixture. The metabolism of parathion was not linear with time and showed a decreasing rate for both metabolic pathways. Crude microsomes retained their enzymatic activity without significant loss while stored at -20 C for six weeks. Microsomal activity towards parathion was destroyed by several methods of solubilization. ii

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Metabolism of parathion by two species of Rhizobium

Abstract: Influence of Pesticides on Microorganisms 8 Rhizobium I1 MATERIALS AND METHODS 13 Chemicals 13 Cultivation of Rhizobium 15 Incubation Mixture 16 Determination of Metabolites 18 RESULTS 23 Temperature and pH Optima 23

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Parathion: Residues in soil and water

Parathion: Residues in soil and water

Interactions between insecticides and soil microbes

Biochemical and cytological aspects of in vitro metabolism of parathion by rat liver cell fractions

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