Metabolism, Endocrine Glands and Skindiseases, With Special Reference to Acne Vulgaris and Xanthoma.*

Bloch, Br.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1931.tb09468.x

Cited by 75 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Whilst there is a plethora of information describing the clinical picture and incidence of teenage acne, there are relatively few reports dealing with post‐adolescent acne, and perhaps this can be explained by the fact that concern over adult acne has only grown in recent years. A report in 1942 by Cohen [3] questioned earlier reports by Bloch [4], Walker and Percival [5], and Roxburgh [6], all of whom had claimed that acne was rare after 30 years. In his investigations, Cohen showed that of 51 men between the ages of 30 and 40 years, 16% of these had acne of sufficient severity to be considered clinical acne [3].…”

Section: Evidence For Post‐adolescent Acnementioning

confidence: 99%

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Post‐adolescent acne

Knaggs

Wood

Rizer³

et al. 2004

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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Although acne has traditionally been viewed as predominantly affecting adolescents, a significant and growing body of literature suggests an adult (i.e. post-adolescent) form of the disease. This review summarizes selected publications on post-adolescent acne, and discusses possible causes and treatment options. Recent epidemiological studies show that there appears to be an increase in post-adolescent acne, and that the disease is lasting longer and is requiring treatment well into the mid forties. There is good agreement that, unlike teenage acne, where males tend to show the most severe forms of the disease, post-adolescent acne mainly affects females (the lesions are frequently perioral and occur premenstrually) and that there are two forms of the disease. The terms 'persistent' and 'late onset' are now generally accepted as describing these two types. The causes of post-adolescent acne remain to be fully elucidated and hormones, colonization by resistant bacteria and the use of cosmetics have been put forward and debated in the literature. Additionally, some clues to the cause of post-adolescent acne may be gleaned from an individual's response to therapy. Perhaps one of the most intriguing explanations for the increase in this disease is the proposed relationship between increasing stress levels, androgen hormones and increasing levels of acne found in women in fast paced jobs.

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Section: Evidence For Post‐adolescent Acnementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the increased use of oral contraceptives, particularly those containing androgenic progesterone may play a role in the persistence of acne in women but this requires further investigation. These would not have been available when the early studies were carried out [3–8].…”

Section: Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post‐adolescent acne

Knaggs

Wood

Rizer³

et al. 2004

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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“…Further supporting this idea were histologic and chemical studies revealing xanthomatous nodules to contain cholesterol, which was also coincidentally noted to be increased in the serum [13]. As methods for quantitatively analyzing blood chemistry improved, hypercholesterolemia was determined to be a precursor of xanthomas [14], which has led to our current understanding of this condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

An exceptional case of xanthomatous infiltration of the musculoskeletal and integumentary systems

et al. 2015

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Tendinous and subcutaneous xanthomas are most commonly associated with primary hyperlipidemia. Xanthomatosis caused by cholesterol deposition can be a high risk marker for cardiovascular disease related to premature atherosclerosis; thus, early recognition of this diagnosis may reduce mortality and morbidity. Achilles tendon involvement is most common, followed by the extensor tendons of the hand and elbow. We present an exceptional case of tendinous and tuberous xanthomas, with intraoperative and histologic correlation, in a 34-year-old female manifesting with xanthomatous deposits of nearly all ankle tendons, plantar aponeurosis, extensor tendons of the hands, and various locations within the integumentum. To the authors' knowledge, only four studies to date have focused specifically on imaging findings of multifocal xanthomas. Thus, the radiographic and MR imaging descriptions of xanthomas in this report further add to the existing literature by helping to identify imaging characteristics of this multifocal systemic disease. The diagnosis of this condition should alert the physician to the presence of a dyslipidemia that can be treated with dietary modifications and/or drug therapy.

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“…This stability of the emulsion is maintained by the proportions between the.various lipoids and the albumin of the serum. If the con¬ centration of any one element or of several elements is altered, the result, according to the laws of colloid chemistry, is a disturbance of the stable aqueous emulsion ; the particles become coarser, the emul¬ sion separates and finally, when conditions are suitable, there is a pre¬ cipitation of one or all of the individual constituents and various lesions or diseases result, depending on the lipoid that is precipitated (Bloch).107 How the body maintains this constant level is not known, but Bloch, 107 Campbell,103 McMeans l08 and many others concluded that the liver is the seat of control of this mechanism. McMeans concluded that the adrenals also play an important part.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthoma of Tendon Sheaths and Synovial Membranes

GALLOWAY¹

1940

Arch Surg

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Metabolism, Endocrine Glands and Skindiseases, With Special Reference to Acne Vulgaris and Xanthoma.*

Cited by 75 publications

References 0 publications

Post‐adolescent acne

Post‐adolescent acne

An exceptional case of xanthomatous infiltration of the musculoskeletal and integumentary systems

Xanthoma of Tendon Sheaths and Synovial Membranes

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