Metabolism and carbon exchange in microplankton of the Grand Banks (Newfoundland)

Smith, Reh; Harrison, W. G.; Irwin, B.; Piatt, T.

doi:10.3354/meps034171

Cited by 31 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…7a). This differential partitioning of P and R between larger cells (P Ͼ R) and smaller cells (P Ͻ R) has been observed in previous studies comparing size-fractionated metabolic rates (Williams 1981;Smith et al 1986;Blight et al 1995). A different pattern was observed, however, for the summer period, when the average metabolic balance of the picoplankton community shifted to that of net autotrophy, with a mean P 3 : R 3 ratio of 1.26.…”

Section: Variability In Size-fractionated P Versus R Relationships-mentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Although the prefiltration methods for size fractionation of plankton metabolism have been widely used (e.g., Williams 1981; Smith et al 1986;Biddanda et al 1994;Blight et al 1995), this approach may cause changes in cell physiology (Malone et al 1991) or predator-prey interactions (Sherr and Sherr 1988;Pomeroy et al 1994). In the later case, actual microbial rates tend to be overestimated due to the removal of predators, sometimes resulting in size-frac-tionated rates exceeding those of the unfiltered water (e.g., Hopkinson 1985).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there are numerous reports of size-fractionated phytoplankton productivity measurements (e.g., Malone 1980), systematic plankton community investigations of both P and R with respect to organism size distribution are few (e.g., Smith et al 1986;Blight et al 1995). The aim of this study was to relate seasonal and spatial differences in plankton community P and R rates to their variability within the picoplankton community, as operationally defined by that within the Ͻ3-m size fraction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Size structure and the production/respiration balance in a coastal plankton community

Smith

Kemp

2001

Limnology & Oceanography

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The quantitative significance of contributions by the picoplankton (Ͻ3 m) to gross primary production (P) and community respiration (R) was investigated seasonally in the plankton community of Chesapeake Bay. Rates of P and R for the total plankton community, integrated over the euphotic zone, ranged from 119-709 mol O 2 m Ϫ2 d Ϫ1and 41-325 mol O 2 m Ϫ2 d Ϫ1 , respectively. Rates of P and R within the picoplankton community tended to covary with those of the total plankton community, although the strengths of the two relationships were markedly different. The mean proportion of total community R accounted for by the picoplankton averaged 54%, with the two rates being highly correlated. In contrast, the relative contribution of picoplankton to total P was highly variable, ranging from 1 to 77%, with fluctuations in picoplankton production rates explaining only 29% of the variability in total P. Although P and R exhibited a significant positive relationship over the entire data set, individual P : R ratios varied substantially, ranging from 0.95 to 4.73. Seasonal variations in P : R ratios for the picoplankton were out of phase with those of the total community. When the total plankton community was most autotrophic (P : R Ͼ 1), the picoplankton P : R was net heterotrophic (P : R Ͻ 1), and as total plankton P : R ratios decreased toward balanced metabolism (P : R ϭ 1), picoplankton P : R ratios increased to become net autotrophic. Seasonal and spatial variations in the contributions of picoplankton P and R to total rates had a strong effect on the P : R ratio of the plankton community as a whole. There was a pronounced inverse relationship between the P : R ratio of the total plankton community and the proportion of P attributable to the picoplankton, such that high net autotrophy occurred only when P was dominated by the larger size fractions. These findings indicate an important linkage between the size distribution of the primary producers and the overall balance of P and R in the plankton community, which in turn regulates the potential for organic matter export.

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Section: Variability In Size-fractionated P Versus R Relationships-mentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Size structure and the production/respiration balance in a coastal plankton community

Smith

Kemp

2001

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Williams 1981. Harrison 1986, Smith et al 1986). The results of the 0.8 pm fractionations showed this effect to be largely attributable to the activity of the bacterioplankton in accordance with earlier studies (Williams 1981, Harrison 1986.…”

Section: Spring Bloom Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phasing of autotrophic and heterotrophic plankton metabolism in a temperate coastal ecosystem

Blight¹,

Bentley²,

Lefèvre³

et al. 1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

100

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Plankton abundances, bacterial production, and the size distribution of oxygen rnetabolism and chlorophyll a concentration were determined through 3 seasonal cycles in the Menai Strait [North Wales, UK). Spring blooms were comprised of a diatom to Phaeocystis succession. Meso-and microphytoplankton dominated phytoplankton production and biomass during diatom blooms, and nanophytoplankton predominated during summer, when activity and biomass were low. Correlation analysis showed temperature to be the best predictor for chlorophyll a-specific gross colnmunity production. Bacterioplankton were implied to be the major resplrers Consequently the phasing of respiration in relation to photosynthesis was strongly influenced by bacterloplankton metabolism and abundance changes. The respiration maximum occurred 1 to 2 wk after the Phaeocystis abundance maximum. An explanation for this temporal lag was sought by considering the time scales of flow of organic material between the phytoplankton and the bacter~oplankton. The observations were consistent with routes via a slo\vly cycling pool, such as polymeric organic material. This pool would function as a reservoir and result in microheterotrophic respiration persisting after the decline of photosynthesis, and causing a positive to negative temporal sequence in net community production.

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“…On the other hand, until recently (Williams & Jenkinson 1982), the dissolved oxygen method has lacked the precision to make useful measurements at low production rates. Furthermore, uncertainty in the appropriate value of O Inter-Research/Printed in Germany the photosynthetic quotient (PQ) has confounded attempts to verify the oxygen method against 14C (Platt & Harrison 1986, Smith et al 1986.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coulometric measurement of primary production, with comparison against dissolved oxygen and 14C methods in a seasonal study

Irwin¹

1991

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

Self Cite

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Consumption of carbon dioxide, as measured by direct coulometry in light and dark bottles, was used to estimate the rate of natural assemblages of phytoplankton incubated in situ. A total of 30 experiments were made during a 12 mo period in Bedford as&, Nova Scotia.For comparison, simultaneous estimates of primary production were made on each occasion using both the Light-and-darkbottle oxygen method and the I4C method. Primary production values fell in the range < 1 to 50 mm01 C m-3 d-l. Throughout this range, excellent agreement was found between primary production as estimated by the 14C method and gross primary production estimated by change in dissolved carbon dioxide. Release of labelled carbon into solution accounted for 2 to 19 % of total pnmary production as measured by the I4C method, with the lower values occurring in the spring bloom period. When the carbon-based results were compared w t h the oxygen-based ones, they agreed to within a mean apparent photosynthetic quotient of 1.6. High apparent PQ's in ulnter are attnbuted to an overestimation of oxygen primary production and an undereshmation of I4C primary production. Direct coulometry offers considerable promise as a technique for measuring photosynthesis by phytoplankton.

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Metabolism and carbon exchange in microplankton of the Grand Banks (Newfoundland)

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

Size structure and the production/respiration balance in a coastal plankton community

Size structure and the production/respiration balance in a coastal plankton community

Phasing of autotrophic and heterotrophic plankton metabolism in a temperate coastal ecosystem

Coulometric measurement of primary production, with comparison against dissolved oxygen and 14C methods in a seasonal study

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