Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components as Risk Factors for First-Ever Acute Ischemic Noncardioembolic Stroke

Clinical Features of a First-Ever Lacunar Infarction in Japanese Patients: Poor Outcome in Females

“…[18][19][20][21][22] Recently, metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been identified as a risk factor for noncardioembolic BI. 13,23 The treatment of MetS is important as well. 13,23 Smoking is associated with LI in Japanese men, 1 and smoking cessation reduces the risk of BI.…”

“…13,23 The treatment of MetS is important as well. 13,23 Smoking is associated with LI in Japanese men, 1 and smoking cessation reduces the risk of BI. 4,24 Consequently, smoking cessation is recommended to prevent BI, 24 especially in men.…”

Intravenous Thrombolysis with Recombinant Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

“…[1][2][3][4] An increased risk of ischemic stroke (IS) associated with MetS mainly derives from its high potential to enhance the early development and further progress of atherosclerosis in brain-supplying arteries and to defect endogenous fibrinolysis. [5][6][7][8][9] Consequently, MetS is more common in IS patients than in the general population and significantly predicts a poor outcome after IS. [10][11][12] Numerous proatherothrombotic effects of MetS on endogenous fibrinolysis and the vascular endothelium may also contribute to a higher resistance to thrombolytic interventions in patients with IS.…”

Metabolic Syndrome Is a Risk Factor for Acute Cerebral Infarction in a Younger Elderly Kurashiki Population

“…4,5 In 2005, the National Metabolic Syndrome Criteria Study Group published criteria for diagnosing metabolic syndrome in the Japanese population; these criteria are unique in that the specified waist circumference is smaller in men than in women. 6 A number of studies have investigated the association between metabolic syndrome and cerebral infarction in the Japanese population, [7][8][9][10][11][12] and most have suggested that metabolic syndrome increases the risk of cerebral infarction. Only two of those studies used the Japanese diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, however.…”

“…11,12 Although the hypertension and IGT defined by the Japanese criteria used as diagnostic components of metabolic syndrome are relatively milder than regular hypertension and IGT, previous Japanese studies have identified these as risk factors for cerebral infarction in the Japanese population. 8,10,13 Furthermore, although the Japanese population has a long average lifespan, and the prevalence of cerebral infarction increases with age, 14 few studies to date have investigated an association of metabolic syndrome with acute cerebral infarction in both younger elderly and older elderly Japanese populations. 9 In the present study, we investigated the association of metabolic syndrome and its diagnostic components with acute cerebral infarction in the younger elderly and the older elderly populations of the Japanese city of Kurashiki.…”