Metabolic mapping of the time-dependent effects of Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol administration in the rat

Whitlow, Christopher T.; Freedland, Cory S.; Porrino, Linda J.

doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1001-x

Cited by 48 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…This regional profile of effects is largely in accordance with the distribution of CB1 cannabinoid receptors at which THC acts (Devane et al, 1988;Mechoulam et al, 1970;Glass et al, 1997;Herkenham et al, 1990Herkenham et al, , 1991a, and THC-induced alterations in activity in these areas have also been demonstrated in previous IEG and metabolic mapping studies performed in rodents (Bloom et al, 1997;ErdtmannVourliotis et al, 1999;Mailleux et al, 1994;Margulies and Hammer, 1991;McGregor et al, 1998;Whitlow et al, 2002). In addition, human imaging studies have consistently demonstrated marked alterations in activity in frontal brain regions following acute marijuana/THC intake or chronic marijuana use (Lundqvist et al, 2001;Mathew and Wilson, 1993;Mathew et al, 1997Mathew et al, , 2002O'Leary et al, 2000O'Leary et al, , 2002Volkow et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Acute Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-Induced Deficits in Reversal Learning: Neural Correlates of Affective Inflexibility

Egerton

Brett

Pratt

2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Despite concerns surrounding the possible adverse effects of marijuana on complex cognitive function, the processes contributing to the observed cognitive deficits are unclear, as are the causal relationships between these impairments and marijuana exposure. In particular, marijuana-related deficits in cognitive flexibility may affect the social functioning of the individual and may contribute to continued marijuana use. We therefore examined the ability of rats to perform affective and attentional shifts following acute administration of D 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive marijuana constituent. Administration of 1 mg/kg THC produced marked impairments in the ability to reverse previously relevant associations between stimulus features and reward presentation, while the ability to transfer attentional set between dimensional stimulus properties was unaffected. Concurrent in situ hybridization analysis of regional c-fos and ngfi-b expression highlighted areas of the prefrontal cortex and striatum that were recruited in response to both THC administration and task performance. Furthermore, the alterations in mRNA expression in the orbitofrontal cortex and striatum were associated with the ability to perform the reversal discriminations. These findings suggest that marijuana use may produce inelasticity in updating affective associations between stimuli and reinforcement value, and that this effect may arise through dysregulation of orbitofrontal and striatal circuitry.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Acute Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-Induced Deficits in Reversal Learning: Neural Correlates of Affective Inflexibility

Egerton

Brett

Pratt

2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…In that kind of studies, a general reduction in glucose utilization after THC administration has been consistently reported Whitlow et al, 2002Whitlow et al, , 2003. However, in those experiments, the cannabinoid was always administered in the adult stage, and on the other hand, the drug used was THC and not CP.…”

Section: Adolescent Cannabis and Adult Cocaine Addictionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Augmented Acquisition of Cocaine Self-Administration and Altered Brain Glucose Metabolism in Adult Female but not Male Rats Exposed to a Cannabinoid Agonist during Adolescence

Higuera-Matas

Soto-Montenegro

Olmo

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Marijuana consumption during adolescence has been proposed to be a stepping-stone for adult cocaine addiction. However, experimental evidence for this hypothesis is missing. In this work we chronically injected male and female Wistar rats with either the cannabinoid agonist CP 55,940 (CP; 0.4 mg/kg) or its corresponding vehicle. Adult acquisition (seven 30 min daily sessions) and maintenance (fourteen 2 h daily sessions) of cocaine self-administration (1 mg/kg), food-reinforced operant learning under conditions of normal (ad libitum access to food), and high motivation (food-restriction schedule) were measured. Additionally, brain metabolic activity was analyzed by means of [ 18 F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. During the acquisition phase, female CP-treated rats showed a higher rate of cocaine self-administration as compared to vehicle-treated females and males; no differences were found between both male groups. This effect disappeared in the maintenance phase. Moreover, no differences among groups were evident in the food-reinforced operant task, pointing to the cocaine-specific nature of the effect seen in self-administration rather than a general change in reward processing. Basal brain metabolic activity also changed in CP-treated females when compared to their vehicle-treated counterparts with no differences being found in the males; more specifically we observed a hyper activation of the frontal cortex and a hypo activation of the amygdalo-entorhinal cortex. Our results suggest that a chronic exposure to cannabinoids during adolescence alters the susceptibility to acquire cocaine self-administration, in a sex-specific fashion. This increased susceptibility could be related to the changes in brain metabolic activity induced by cannabinoids during adolescence.

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“…Several lines of evidence suggest that cannabis (marijuana, tetrahydrocannabinol [THC]) may alter functionality of the prefrontal cortex and thereby elicit impairments across several domains of complex cognitive function (Egerton, Allison, Brett, & Pratt, 2006). Several studies in both humans and animals have shown that cannabinoid exposure results in alterations in prefrontal cortical activity O'Leary et al, 2002;Whitlow, Freedland, & Porrino, 2002), providing evidence that cannabinoid administration may affect the functionality of this brain area. Despite the fact that a number of transient physiological, perceptual, and cognitive effects are known to accompany acute chronic marijuana (THC) exposure in humans, persistent qEEG effects in humans resulting from continuing exposure to this drug have been difficult to demonstrate (Wert & Raulin, 1986).…”

Section: Qeeg In Sudmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG Biofeedback as a Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: Review, Rating of Efficacy and Recommendations for Further Research

Sokhadze¹,

Cannon²,

Trudeau³

2008

Journal of Neurotherapy

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Metabolic mapping of the time-dependent effects of Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol administration in the rat

Cited by 48 publications

References 29 publications

Acute Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-Induced Deficits in Reversal Learning: Neural Correlates of Affective Inflexibility

Acute Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol-Induced Deficits in Reversal Learning: Neural Correlates of Affective Inflexibility

Augmented Acquisition of Cocaine Self-Administration and Altered Brain Glucose Metabolism in Adult Female but not Male Rats Exposed to a Cannabinoid Agonist during Adolescence

EEG Biofeedback as a Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: Review, Rating of Efficacy and Recommendations for Further Research

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