Metabolic effects of glycerol supplementation and aerobic physical training on Wistar rats

Abstract

We evaluated the effects of oral glycerol supplementation on trained rats fed a normal diet. Wistar rats were distributed among 6 groups in a completely randomized 2 × 3 factorial design. The animals were subjected to 6 weeks of aerobic training. In the last 4 weeks, the animals' diet was supplemented with saline, glucose, or glycerol. Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a Student-Newmann-Keuls test, with values for P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. The change in body mass was lower in the trained groups, and their food and water consumption were higher. Glycerol supplementation resulted in an increase in the levels of triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol, as well as in the area and diameter of adipocytes. When associated with training, these parameters were similar to those of other trained groups. Levels of low-density lipoprotein + very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased in the trained animals that received glycerol compared with the non-trained ones. Glycerol consumption caused a reduction in food intake and increased the villous:crypt (V:C) ratio. No changes in glycemia, high density lipoproteins, or density of adipocytes were observed. Supplementation with glycerol together with aerobic physical training promoted beneficial metabolic effects. However, in non-trained rats glycerol increased the diameter and area of adipocytes, as well as the levels of TAG and total cholesterol.

Physical Exercise Improves Glycemic and Inflammatory Profile and Attenuates Progression of Periodontitis in Diabetic Rats (HFD/STZ)

“…In the subsequent eight weeks, trained groups swam daily for 60 min, five times a week with 5% of their body weight load [ 21 ]. This load was intended to improve the animals’ endurance capacity, characterizing moderate intensity of aerobic exercise [ 19 ].…”

Effects of beta‐glucans ingestion (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on metabolism of rats receiving high‐fat diet

“…BG also prevented Lee index increment in rats under high-fat diet. Soluble fibres effect in reducing serum lipid fractions is possibly due to the change in viscosity in intestinal environment, influencing lipid absorption and reducing cholesterol capture in intestine (Francelino Andrade et al, 2014). Furthermore, BGs promote increase in cholesterol conversion into bile acids, causing reduction in these lipids in enterohepatic circulation (Gunness and Gidley, 2010;Chang et al, 2013).…”

“…Sections of pancreas, liver, kidney, epididymal and perinephral adipose tissue, and sections of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) were obtained for histological analyses. These organs were fixed in tamponed 10% formaldehyde and routinely processed to prepare histological slides that were stained with haematoxylin‐eosin (Messora et al., ; Andrade et al., ). The slides analysis was performed via optical microscopy.…”

Exercise and Beta-Glucan Consumption (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Improve the Metabolic Profile and Reduce the Atherogenic Index in Type 2 Diabetic Rats (HFD/STZ)

“…Fragments of the right kidney and liver were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for 48 h, and then processed routinely for preparation of histological slices, which were then colored with hematoxylin-eosin [30]. An experienced veterinary pathologist conducted all histopathologic analysis (blind about experimental treatments).…”